Sudden Stratospheric Warmings as Noise-Induced Transitions

Sudden Stratospheric Warmings as Noise-Induced Transitions
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噪声引起的平流层突然变暖

DOI:
10.1175/2008jas2770.1
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发表时间:
2008
影响因子:
3.1
通讯作者:
Birner T
Birner T
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Birner T

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平流层突然变暖通常被认为是由行星波活动引起的。这里要问的是,小规模的变化(例如,与重力波有关的)可以导致SSW,只要有一定量的行星波活动,其本身不足以引起SSW。最近由Ruzmaikin等人提出的平流层波-平均流相互作用的Holton-Mass模型的高度垂直截断版本,扩展到包括随机强迫。在确定性的设置,这个低阶模型表现出多个稳定的平衡对应的未扰动涡和SSW状态,分别。在纬向动量方程中引入了由准随机重力波活动引起的动量强迫作为加性噪声项。两种不同的方法来研究随机系统。首先,系统,在未受干扰的状态下初始化,数值积分多次,以获得统计的第一次通过时间的系统经历的过渡到SSW状态。其次,数值求解对应于随机系统的Fokker-Planck方程,得到系统的定态概率密度函数。这两种方法都表明,即使是小到中等强度的随机重力波强迫可能足以导致SSW的情况下,确定性系统不会预测SSW。
Sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) are usually considered to be initiated by planetary wave activity. Here it is asked whether small-scale variability (e.g., related to gravity waves) can lead to SSWs given a certain amount of planetary wave activity that is by itself not sufficient to cause a SSW. A highly vertically truncated version of the Holton–Mass model of stratospheric wave–mean flow interaction, recently proposed by Ruzmaikin et al., is extended to include stochastic forcing. In the deterministic setting, this low-order model exhibits multiple stable equilibria corresponding to the undisturbed vortex and SSW state, respectively. Momentum forcing due to quasi-random gravity wave activity is introduced as an additive noise term in the zonal momentum equation. Two distinct approaches are pursued to study the stochastic system. First, the system, initialized at the undisturbed state, is numerically integrated many times to derive statistics of first passage times of the system undergoing a transition to the SSW state. Second, the Fokker–Planck equation corresponding to the stochastic system is solved numerically to derive the stationary probability density function of the system. Both approaches show that even small to moderate strengths of the stochastic gravity wave forcing can be sufficient to cause a SSW for cases for which the deterministic system would not have predicted a SSW.
重力波北极平流层涡旋相互作用。
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发表时间: 2001
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包括太阳变率在内的平流层动力学的简单模型
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442-16.10.1593
发表时间: 2003
期刊: Journal of Climate
影响因子: 4.9
作者:
A. Ruzmaikin;J. Lawrence;Cristina Cadavid
通讯作者: Cristina Cadavid
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2002
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作者:
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