Activation of multiple attentional templates in conjunction search
Activation of multiple attentional templates in conjunction search
复制标题
结合搜索激活多个注意力模板
DOI：
10.1167/jov.23.9.5345
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Wang Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Z
在视觉搜索中，注意选择是由注意模板（视觉工作记忆中的目标表征）引导的。在颜色搜索中，发现多个目标模板可以被激活以并行地引导注意选择。然而，目前尚不清楚是否也可以同时激活多个模板时，他们指定的组合功能，从不同的功能尺寸（颜色和形状）在合取搜索过程中需要。为了回答这个问题，我们测量了N2 PC组件的事件相关电位在低负荷和高负荷条件下的颜色，形状和颜色/形状的连接搜索。三种任务条件下的搜索显示在物理上是相同的。它们每个都包含四个不同颜色形状组合的轮廓对象。在不同的块中，每个搜索显示之前都有提示显示，分别指示即将到来的搜索的相关的一个或两个目标颜色、形状或颜色-形状组合。参与者的任务是找到与提示（之一）匹配的目标对象，并报告对象内显示的线的方向（水平/垂直）。在颜色任务中测量的N2 PC组件反映了以前的研究结果。它们在高负荷与低负荷试验中略有延迟和衰减，反映了两种同时激活的颜色模板的相互抑制。在形状搜索中发现了相同的N2 pc模式。重要的是，相对负荷成本（高减去低负荷试验中的潜伏期和振幅差异）在颜色和形状任务之间具有可比性。这表明，如果多个形状与任务相关，则可以并行激活多个形状模板，就像颜色模板一样。相比之下，在合取搜索中，N2 pc振幅在高负荷相对于低负荷条件下衰减约50%，表明一次只能激活一个合取模板。这表明，注意模板在联合搜索持有单独的功能，而不是一个组合的对象表示。
In visual search, attentional selection is guided by attentional templates (target representations held in visual working memory). In colour search, it was found that multiple target templates can be activated to guide attentional selection in parallel. However, it remains unclear whether multiple templates can also be activated simultaneously when they specify combinations of features from different feature dimensions (colour and shape) as needed during conjunction search. To answer this question, we measured N2pc components of the event-related potential under low and high load conditions in colour, shape, and colour/shape conjunction search. Search displays in the three task conditions were physically identical. They each contained four outline objects of different colour-shape combinations. In different blocks, each search display was preceded by a cue display indicating the relevant one or two target colour (s), shape (s), or colour-shape combination (s), for the upcoming search, respectively. Participants task was to find the target object that matched (one of) the cue (s) and report the orientation of a line shown within the object (horizontal/vertical). N2pc components measured in the colour task mirrored previous findings. They were slightly delayed and attenuated in high-versus low-load trials, reflecting mutual inhibition of two simultaneously activated colour templates. The same N2pc pattern was found in the shape search. Importantly, the relative load costs (latency and amplitude differences in high-minus low-load trials) were comparable between the colour and shape tasks. This suggests that multiple shape templates, just like colour templates, can be activated in parallel if multiple shapes are task relevant. In contrast, in the conjunction search, N2pc amplitudes were attenuated in the high-load relative to the low-load condition by approximately 50%, indicating that only a single conjunctive template could be activated at a time. This suggests that attentional templates in conjunction search hold separate features rather than a combined object representation.