Placental transfer of fatty acids and fetal implications
Placental transfer of fatty acids and fetal implications
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.110.001230
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Koletzko, Berthold
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Larque, Elvira;Demmelmair, Hans;Koletzko, Berthold
妊娠期间，大量的长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFA），特别是花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA，22：6n-3）沉积在胎儿组织中；胎盘分娩促进了这一过程。然而，LC-PUFA胎盘转移的机制仍不清楚。稳定同位素技术已用于研究人胎盘脂肪酸在体内的转移。这些研究表明，与其他脂肪酸相比，脐带与母体血浆中 C-13-DHA 的比例显着较高，这反映了胎盘 DHA 转移较高。此外，据报道，相对于其他脂肪酸，胎盘组织中 DHA 选择性积累。脂肪酸的母体-胎儿转移是一个缓慢的过程，需要 >= 12 小时。母体血浆磷脂中膳食 C-13-DHA 的大量掺入似乎对于胎盘的摄取和转移很重要。脐带血脂质中的 DHA 与脂肪酸转运蛋白 (FATP)-4 的胎盘信使 RNA 表达相关，与 FATP-4 在 DHA 转运中的作用相一致。已提出妊娠期并发胎盘功能异常（例如，由于妊娠糖尿病或宫内生长受限）时，母婴 LC-PUFA 转运受损，应在未来的研究中解决。鉴于胎盘 DHA 转移对儿童结局很重要，阐明其通过运输机制、母亲饮食和疾病的潜在调节似乎很重要。 Am J Clin Nutr 2011；94（增刊）：1908S-13S。
Considerable amounts of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), particularly arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22: 6n-3), are deposited in fetal tissues during pregnancy; and this process is facilitated by placental delivery. Nevertheless, the mechanisms involved in LC-PUFA placental transfer remain unclear. Stable isotope techniques have been used to study human placental fatty acid transfer in vivo. These studies have shown a significantly higher ratio of C-13-DHA in cord to maternal plasma compared with other fatty acids, which reflects a higher placental DHA transfer. In addition, a selective DHA accumulation in placental tissue, relative to other fatty acids, has been reported. The materno-fetal transfer of fatty acids is a slow process that requires >= 12 h. A high incorporation of dietary C-13-DHA into maternal plasma phospholipids appears to be important for placental uptake and transfer. DHA in cord blood lipids correlates with placental messenger RNA expression of fatty acid transport protein (FATP)-4, compatible with a role of FATP-4 in DHA transfer. Impaired materno-fetal LC-PUFA transport has been proposed in pregnancies complicated by abnormal placental function (eg, due to gestational diabetes mellitus or intrauterine growth restriction), which should be addressed in future studies. Given that placental DHA transfer is important for child outcomes, elucidation of its potential modulation by transport mechanisms, maternal diet, and disease appears to be important. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94 (suppl):1908S-13S.