Advantages of an Improved Rhesus Macaque Genome for Evolutionary Analyses.

Advantages of an Improved Rhesus Macaque Genome for Evolutionary Analyses.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0167376
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Moriyama EN
Moriyama EN
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gradnigo JS;Majumdar A;Norgren RB Jr;Moriyama EN

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恒河猴(Macaca mulatta)被广泛用于分子进化分析,特别是在人类谱系中识别适应性或独特进化的基因。对于这样的研究,有必要在多个物种之间比对同源蛋白质编码基因的核苷酸序列。这些分析的有效性取决于高质量的基因组数据。然而,对于大多数哺乳动物物种(人类和小鼠除外),只有草案基因组可用。有人担心,从进化分析中获得的一些结果可能是不正确的基因组草案。恒河猴提供了一个独特的机会,以确定是否改进的基因组(MacaM)产生更好的结果比基因组草案(rheMac2)的进化研究。我们比较了rheMac2和MacaM基因组中注释的蛋白质编码基因与它们的人类直系同源物。我们发现在rheMac2中注释的许多基因具有在来自MacaM的基因中不存在的明显虚假序列。rheMac2注释似乎还夸大了一个常用的进化指数ω(非同义与同义替换率的比率)。具有这些虚假序列的基因必须从进化分析中过滤掉,以获得正确的结果。有了MacaM基因组,改进的序列信息意味着可以检查更多的基因以确定选择的指示。这些结果表明,将基因组从草案状态升级到更高的质量水平可以改善对进化模式的解释。
The rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) is widely used in molecular evolutionary analyses, particularly to identify genes under adaptive or unique evolution in the human lineage. For such studies, it is necessary to align nucleotide sequences of homologous protein-coding genes among multiple species. The validity of these analyses is dependent on high quality genomic data. However, for most mammalian species (other than humans and mice), only draft genomes are available. There has been concern that some results obtained from evolutionary analyses using draft genomes may not be correct. The rhesus macaque provides a unique opportunity to determine whether an improved genome (MacaM) yields better results than a draft genome (rheMac2) for evolutionary studies. We compared protein-coding genes annotated in the rheMac2 and MacaM genomes with their human orthologs. We found many genes annotated in rheMac2 had apparently spurious sequences not present in genes derived from MacaM. The rheMac2 annotations also appeared to inflate a frequently used evolutionary index, ω (the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution rates). Genes with these spurious sequences must be filtered out from evolutionary analyses to obtain correct results. With the MacaM genome, improved sequence information means many more genes can be examined for indications of selection. These results indicate how upgrading genomes from draft status to a higher level of quality can improve interpretation of evolutionary patterns.
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