On the uniqueness of kernels

On the uniqueness of kernels
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DOI:
10.1016/0095-8956(92)90038-y
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发表时间:
1992
期刊:
J. Comb. Theory B
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
A. Schrijver
A. Schrijver
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
A. Schrijver

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令其成为紧致的可定向曲面。对于任意嵌入在S上的图G和任意闭曲线μ,我们定义G(D)为G和D‘的最小交集数,其中D’取值于所有闭曲线自由同伦TOD上。我们称GakernelifμG‘≠μG表示每个适当的副数G’ofG。我们证明了如果G和G‘是μG=μG’的核(这样G的每个面都是一个开圆),则G‘可以通过下列一系列操作从G得到:(I)同伦变换;(Ii)取曲面对偶图;(Iii)ΔY-交换(即用连接Tov的三个顶点的三角形替换一个3度顶点,或者相反)。
LetSbe a compact orientable surface. For any graphGembedded onSand any closed curveDonSwe defineμG(D) as the minimum number of intersections ofGandD′, whereD′ ranges over all closed curves freely homotopic toD. We callGakernelifμG′≠μGfor each proper minorG′ ofG. We prove that ifGandG′ are kernels withμG=μG′(in such a way that each face ofGis an open disk), thenG′ can be obtained fromGby a series of the following operations: (i) homotopic shifts overS; (ii) taking the surface dual graph; (iii) ΔY-exchange (i.e., replacing a vertexvof degree 3 by a triangle connecting the three vertices adjacent tov, or conversely).