Economic analysis of habitat manipulation in Brassica pest management: Wild plant species suppress cabbage webworm
Economic analysis of habitat manipulation in Brassica pest management: Wild plant species suppress cabbage webworm
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105788
复制
发表时间：
2021-08-13
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Gurr, Geoff M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amoabeng, Blankson W.;Stevenson, Philip C.;Gurr, Geoff M.
在过去的60年里，化学杀虫剂的应用是最广泛使用的害虫管理形式，并导致了充分记录的负面影响。基于间作的生境操纵作为一种更可持续的选择，已经在各种系统中进行了探索，以直接影响害虫并促进生物防治。对一系列间作植物进行了评估，许多研究报告在提高天敌密度、减少有害生物数量以及（较少出现的）减少作物损失方面取得了成功。经济效益和成本效益较少被探讨，尽管这些标准在农民采用和规模范围方面很重要。在这里，我们量化了对比实验生境管理处理对害虫，白菜网虫，Hellula undalis Fab密度的影响。西非甘蓝（芸苔科）生产系统的作物产量和质量、盈利能力和成本效益比。评价了6种野生植物作为间作对害虫的抑制作用。在加纳进行了为期三个生长季节的随机区组试验，比较了菊苣（Ageratum conyzoides）、三叶草（Tridax procumbens）、芥菜（Crotalaria juncea）、香茅（Cymbopogon citratus）、马鞭草（Lantana camara）和三角Talinum triangulare （Talinaceae）间作与无植物对照处理的差异。收集植物繁殖体和建立每个间作作物的成本都被记录下来，每个处理的卷心菜的市场价值也被记录下来，这样就可以计算出精确的成本效益比。与间作处理相比，对照中褐夜蛾幼虫数量较多。间作处理的无害化产量高于对照。考虑到这一点和建立成本，间作处理的成本效益比优于对照，从柑橘的1:8 .8到合穗的1:46.6不等。这些发现为考虑生境操纵控制的经济案例提供了重要的证据基础，并强调了在这类农业干预中使用的植物的特性对经济结果有重大影响。
Chemical insecticide application has been the most widely used form of insect pest management in last six decades and resulted in well-documented negative impacts. Habitat manipulation based on intercropping to exert direct effects on pests and promote biological control has been explored in various systems as a more sustainable option. A range of intercrop plants have been evaluated, with many studies reporting successes in terms of enhanced natural enemy density, reduced pest numbers and, less commonly, reduced crop loss. Economic benefit and cost-effectiveness are less frequently explored, despite the importance of these criteria in farmer adoption and scope to scale. Here we quantify the effects of contrasting experimental habitat management treatments on densities of the pest, cabbage webworm, Hellula undalis Fab. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), crop yield and quality, profitability and cost: benefit ratio in a cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata (Brassicaceae) production system in West Africa. Six wild plant species were evaluated as intercrops to promote pest suppression. Ageratum conyzoides, Tridax procumbens (Asteraceae), Crotalaria juncea (Fabaceae), Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae), Lantana camara (Verbenaceae) and Talinum triangulare (Talinaceae) intercrop plantings were compared with a no-plant control treatment in a randomised block experiment over three growing seasons in Ghana. Costs of gathering plant propagules and establishing each intercrop plant were recorded, as was the market value of cabbage from each treatment, allowing the calculation of precise cost: benefit ratios. Hellula undalis larvae were numerous in the control compared with the intercrop plant treatments. The intercrop treatments had higher undamaged yields compared with the control. Reflecting this, and establishment costs, intercrop plant treatments had better cost: benefit ratios than the control, ranging from 1:2.8 for C. citratus to 1:46.6 for A. conyzoides. These findings provide an important evidence base for considering the economic case for habitat manipulation control and highlight that the identity of plants used in this type of agricultural intervention has a major effect on the economic outcome.