Control of Deep-Hysteresis Aeroengine Compressors
Control of Deep-Hysteresis Aeroengine Compressors
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DOI：
10.1115/1.482436
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发表时间：
2000-03
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Hsin-Hsiung Wang;M. Krstić;M. Larsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hsin-Hsiung Wang;M. Krstić;M. Larsen
参与航空发动机压气机不稳定性的流体动力学现象的高阶模式的频率远远超过可用的（负担得起的）致动器的带宽。为此，迄今为止，大多数航空发动机压气机的实验验证控制设计都是通过低阶模型，特别是通过著名的摩尔-格雷策三次模型（MG 3）。虽然MG 3提供了一个很好的开环动态行为的定性描述，它没有捕捉控制设计的主要困难。特别是，它没有表现出所谓的右偏特性，该特性将在高性能轴流压缩机上观察到的深滞后与MG 3模型中存在的小滞后区分开。在本文中，我们研究的基本反馈控制问题与深滞后压缩机。我们首先推导出参数化的MG3模型，表现出右斜属性。我们的方法是基于代表压缩机的特点作为一个凸组合的一个常见的三次多项式和一个非多项式项仔细选择，使整个家庭的右斜压缩机可以跨越使用一个单一的参数∈。然后，我们开发了一个家庭的控制器不仅适用于特定的参数化，但一般的Moore-Greitzer型模型与任意压缩机特性。对于我们的每一个控制器，我们表明，它实现了超临界（软）分岔，也就是说，而不是突然下降到旋转失速，它保证了一个温和的下降，一个小的失速幅度。其中两个控制器具有新颖、简单的传感要求：一个仅采用压力上升和旋转失速幅度的测量，而另一个仅使用压力上升和质量流率（一维传感）。一些控制器，表现出出色的结果MG 3模型失败的深滞后压缩机模型，从而证明我们的重点深滞后压缩机。我们的研究结果也证实了实验观察到的压缩机，具有高的Greitzer的B参数值的控制困难。我们解决另一个关键问题，为控制旋转失速和喘振有限的致动器带宽，这是至关重要的，因为即使是最快的控制阀往往太慢相比，压缩机的不稳定性。我们的条件显示了一个有趣的权衡：随着致动器带宽的降低，传感要求变得更加苛刻。最后，我们继续反驳压缩机控制界的一个普遍猜测，即已知对浅滞后压缩机有利的质量流量反馈对深滞后压缩机也有利。
Frequencies of higher-order modes of fluid dynamic phenomena participating in aeroengine compressor instabilities far exceed the bandwidth of available (affordable) actuators. For this reason, most of the heretofore experimentally validated control designs for aeroengine compressors have been via low-order models-specifically, via the famous Moore-Greitzer cubic model (MG3). While MG3 provides a good qualitative description of open-loop dynamic behavior, it does not capture the main difficulties for control design. In particular, it fails to exhibit the so-called right-skew property which distinguishes the deep hysteresis observed on high-performance axial compressors from a small hysteresis present in the MG3 model. In this paper we study fundamental feedback control problems associated with deep-hysteresis compressors. We first derive a parametrization of the MG3 model which exhibits the right skew property. Our approach is based on representing the compressor characteristic as a convex combination of a usual cubic polynomial and a nonpolynomial term carefully chosen so that an entire family of right-skew compressors can be spanned using a single parameter ∈. Then we develop a family of controllers which are applicable not only to the particular parametrization, but to general Moore-Greitzer type models with arbitrary compressor characteristics. For each of our controllers we show that it achieves a supercritical (soft) bifurcation, that is, instead of an abrupt drop into rotating stall, it guarantees a gentle descent with a small stall amplitude. Two of the controllers have novel, simple, sensing requirements: one employs only the measurement of pressure rise and rotating stall amplitude, while the other uses only pressure rise and the mass flow rate (1D sensing). Some of the controllers which show excellent results for the MG3 model fail on the deep-hysteresis compressor model, thus justifying our focus on deep-hysteresis compressors. Our results also confirm experimentally observed difficulties for control of compressors that have a high value of Greitzer's B parameter. We address another key issue for control of rotating stall and surge-the limited actuator bandwidth-which is critical because even the fastest control valves are often too slow compared to the rates of compressor instabilities. Our conditions show an interesting trade-off: as the actuator bandwidth decreases, the sensing requirements become more demanding. Finally, we go on to disprove a general conjecture in the compressor control community that the feedback of mass flow rate, known to be beneficial for shallow-hysteresis compressors, is also beneficial for deep-hysteresis compressors.