Ricoeur's narrative philosophy: A source of inspiration in critical hermeneutic health research
Ricoeur's narrative philosophy: A source of inspiration in critical hermeneutic health research
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DOI：
10.1111/nup.12254
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Birkelund, Regner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Missel, Malene;Birkelund, Regner
在一项旨在改变家长式文化，使病人更多参与的卫生政策倡议之后，以病人为中心的护理在卫生服务中取得了进展。在这方面，发展与人们的疾病生活经历有关的知识很重要。健康科学领域的文献描述了探索受疾病影响的人面临的风险的方法，而法国哲学家保罗·利科（Paul Ricoeur）一直是重要的灵感来源。特别是，利科的解释理论已经被解释和应用在不同的，往往是示意性的，方法论的变化，而他的叙事哲学是一个很少使用的灵感来源。健康科学的特点是对方法的生物医学意识，以及认为患者的经验有一条直接和直接的路径，这一观点可以追溯到笛卡尔和主观主义哲学。利科与笛卡尔相反，他说我们已经融入了一个我们无法控制的传统和意义的世界。根据利科的观点，我们在表达自己的时候会留下痕迹，而痕迹是由我们所属的意义和传统的世界形成的。通常，痕迹中的意义是隐藏的，使得不可能直接理解个人的经历。对个人生活经验的反思必须通过个人表达自己的叙述来进行。利科叙事哲学的核心是三重模仿，这是一种理解人们生活经验意义的方法。伽达默尔的哲学解释学在利科的解释理论中占有重要的地位，尽管他批评伽达默尔的哲学没有包含一个维度，但他在哈贝马斯的意识形态批判中找到了这个维度。利科的意识形态批判在健康科学研究中是缺失的，这也是本文关注的重点。
Patient-centred care has gained ground in health service following a health policy initiative aimed at changing the paternalistic culture towards one with more patient involvement. Development of knowledge relating to people's lived experiences of illness is important in this context. Literature in the field of health science describes methods for exploring what is at stake for people affected by illness, and the French philosopher Paul Ricoeur has been a significant source of inspiration. Especially, Ricoeur's interpretation theory has been construed and applied in different, often schematic, methodological variations, whereas his narrative philosophy is a little used source of inspiration. Health science has been characterized by a biomedical awareness of method and the idea that there is a direct and immediate path to patients' experiences, a viewpoint that can be traced back to Descartes and the philosophy of subjectivism. Opposed to Descartes, Ricoeur says that we are already embedded in a world of traditions and meanings over which we have no control. According to Ricoeur, we leave traces when we express ourselves, and traces are formed by the world of meanings and traditions to which we belong. Often, the sense in the traces is hidden, making it impossible to directly understand individual's experiences. Reflection on an individual's lived experiences must take place via the narratives in which the individual expresses themselves. The centrepiece of Ricoeur's narrative philosophy is the threefold mimesis, which is an approach to understanding the meaning of peoples' lived experiences. The philosophical hermeneutics of Gadamer plays an important role in Ricoeur's theory of interpretation, although he has criticized Gadamer for failing to include one dimension in his philosophy; he finds this dimension in Habermas' ideology critique. Ricoeur's ideology critique is absent in health science research, which is why it has been made a focal point in this article.