Transcending the Effects of Sex Composition in Small Groups
Transcending the Effects of Sex Composition in Small Groups
复制标题
超越小群体性别构成的影响
DOI：
10.1300/j009v06n03_03
复制
发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kristy Shanahan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Y. Martin;Kristy Shanahan
本文回顾了近几年(1976-1982)关于小群体性别构成问题的文献，总结了关于同性和混合性群体中男女差异的三种理论解释(包括性别角色分化；地位特征/期望状态理论；坎特的结构/数字比例模型)；五类经验发现(包括非言语效应；言语互动的频率和内容；对有影响力的女性的负面评价；“象征性”或“独行者”地位对女性的负面影响；以及关于所有女性群体的研究结果中的矛盾)。在男女混合和同性群体中，确定了超越群体性别构成影响的干预措施。结论呼吁更多的研究，利用具有高内部和外部效度的方法，对治疗和“真实世界”工作组中的性别成分的影响进行研究。
A review of recent literature (1976 to 1982) on the topic of sex composition of small groups summarizes three theoretical explanations for male-female differences in same and mixed sex groups (including sex role differentiation; status characteristics/expectation states theory; and Kanter's structural/numerical proportions model); and five categories of empirical findings (including non-verbal effects; verbal interaction frequency and content; negative assessments of influential females; negative consequences of "token" or "solo" status for females; and contradictions in findings regarding all-female groups). Interventions for transcending group sex composition effects are identified for both women and men in mixed and same sex groups. Conclusions call for additional research, utilizing methods with high internal and external validity, on the effects of sex composition in treatment and "real-world" work groups.