The effects of real versus hypothetical reward on delay and probability discounting
The effects of real versus hypothetical reward on delay and probability discounting
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/17470210903276350
复制
发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Anderson, Ian M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hinvest, Neal S.;Anderson, Ian M.
提供假想奖励的延迟折扣和概率折扣任务通常被用来衡量冲动和冒险的水平。关于实际奖励与假设奖励是否会影响延迟折扣任务中的选择行为，结果一直不一致。这项实验测试了38名健康个体的选择行为，他们使用延迟和概率折扣任务，包括实际和假设的奖励(0.10英镑/0.20英镑)、实际延迟和概率结果。研究假设，与接受假想奖励时相比，接受真实奖励时的选择行为不会那么冲动，风险也更小。这些任务的设计使得一个数学模型(选择的乘性双曲线模型)可以应用于评估对贴现参数的影响。提供真正的奖励与显著减少冲动的选择有关，但不存在风险，尽管影响的大小很小，并且受到呈现顺序的影响。重复呈现这两个任务会增加数量折扣，但不会增加延迟或概率折扣参数。这些结果表明，在设计贴现研究时，需要考虑所提供奖励的性质以及重复效应。
Delay discounting and probability discounting tasks providing hypothetical rewards have commonly been used to measure levels of impulsivity and risk taking. Results have been inconsistent as to whether real, compared with hypothetical, rewards influence choice behaviour in delay discounting tasks. This experiment examined choice behaviour in 38 healthy individuals using delay and probability discounting tasks involving both real and hypothetical rewards (0.10 pound/0.20) pound, real delays, and probabilistic outcomes. It was hypothesized that choice behaviour when receiving real rewards would be less impulsive and less risky than when receiving hypothetical rewards. The tasks were designed so that a mathematical model (the multiplicative hyperbolic model of choice) could be applied to assess effects on discounting parameters. The provision of real rewards was associated with significantly decreased impulsive, but not risky, choice although the size of effect was small and was influenced by the order of presentation. Repeated presentation of both tasks increased quantity discounting but not delay or probability discounting parameters. These results indicate that the nature of the reward provided, and repetition effects, need to be taken into account when designing discounting studies.