A Study of Human Aortic Distensibility With Relation To Atherosclerosis and Aging
A Study of Human Aortic Distensibility With Relation To Atherosclerosis and Aging
复制标题
人类主动脉扩张与动脉粥样硬化和衰老相关的研究
作者：
T. Nakashima;Junji Tanikawa
1960年，戈尔、Nakashima、今井和怀特利用戈尔Tejada动脉粥样硬化指数对波士顿的高加索人和日本九州的日本人进行了冠状动脉粥样硬化的比较研究[1960年]。两组间有显著性差异。波士顿人的冠状动脉粥样硬化比日本人严重得多。例如，日本70年代的动脉粥样硬化与波士顿50年代的动脉粥样硬化相当。从那时起，我们就认为日本人的动脉比美国人的动脉年轻得多。但是，有一个问题：动脉粥样硬化是否与动脉衰老指数成正比？统计学家报告说，日本的心脏病死亡人数在增加。增加脂肪摄入和增加环境压力被认为是这种增加的主要原因。然而，根据Sumiyoshi，Tanaka，戈尔和赫斯特2（1965），日本九州大学尸检病例中心肌梗塞的发生率仍为2.3%，不到波士顿病例的十分之一。没想到日本人的动脉粥样硬化在这5年里变得如此不同。现在，让我们回到第一个问题：动脉粥样硬化与动脉衰老指数成正比吗？Burton报道说，动脉扩张性随年龄增长而减少，但与动脉粥样硬化无关。这很有趣，但尚不清楚他是否认为动脉扩张性与内膜变化有不同的含义，因为Burton引用了Stedman医学词典（1953）中对动脉硬化的定义：纤维过度生长，主要是动脉内涂层，与中涂层的退行性变化相关，导致动脉壁增厚，失去弹性和收缩力。&我们想知道这两种病理变化，即内膜变化和弹性丧失，是否属于同一范畴。
In 1960 a comparative study on coronary atherosclerosis of Caucasians in Boston and of Japanese in Kyushu, Japan was done by Gore, Nakashima, Imai and Whitel by means of Gore Tejada’s atherosclerotic index [in 1960]. There was a remarkable difference between these two groups. Bostonian coronary atherosclerosis was much severer than that of the Japanese. Japanese 7th decade arteries, for instance, had the atherosclerosis comparable to that of 5th decade of Bostonians. We had thought since that time, Japanese arteries were much younger than American arteries. But, there is a question: &dquo;Is the atherosclerosis proportionate to the index of arterial senility?&dquo; Statisticians report the increase of cardiac death in Japan. Increasing fat intake and increasing environmental stress are thought to be main causes for this increase. According to Sumiyoshi, Tanaka, Gore and Hirst2 (1965), however, the frequency of myocardial infarction in autopsy cases of Kyushu University in Japan is still 2.3% and less than one-tenth of Bostonian cases. It can not be thought that the Japanese atherosclerosis had become so different in these 5 years. Now, let us come back to the first question: &dquo;Is the atherosclerosis proportionate to the index of arterial senility?&dquo; Burton3 reported that arterial distensibility diminished with aging, but did not relate it to atherosclerosis. It is very interesting, but it is not clear whether he thought the arterial distensibility had different meaning from the intimal change, because Burton cited the definition of arteriosclerosis seen in Stedman’s medical dictionary (1953): &dquo;fibrous overgrowth, mainly of the inner coat of an artery, associated with degenerative changes in the middle coat causing thickening of the arterial wall with loss of elasticity and contractility.&dquo; We would like to know whether these two pathologic changes, the intimal changes and the loss of elasticity, are in the same category or not.