Toxicity of lead: A review with recent updates.
Toxicity of lead: A review with recent updates.
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DOI：
10.2478/v10102-012-0009-2
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发表时间：
2012-06
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tiwari A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Flora G;Gupta D;Tiwari A
铅中毒已被确认为一个主要的公共卫生风险，特别是在发展中国家。尽管已经采取了各种职业和公共卫生措施来控制铅接触，但仍有铅中毒的报告。铅暴露对造血、肾脏、生殖和中枢神经系统产生各种有害影响，主要是通过增加氧化应激。这些改变在疾病表现中起着重要作用。调节细胞巯基以保护免受活性氧（ROS）的侵害已被用作针对铅中毒的治疗策略。在体外和体内研究中，N-乙酰半胱氨酸、α-硫辛酸、维生素E、槲皮素和一些草药提取物显示出对大多数铅介导的损伤的预防作用。这篇综述提供了一个全面的帐户，最近更新描述铅暴露的健康影响，相关的生物标志物和铅毒性的机制。它还更新了读者有关螯合疗法和新的治疗策略，如纳米胶囊，以治疗铅诱导的毒性表现的最新进展。
Lead poisoning has been recognized as a major public health risk, particularly in developing countries. Though various occupational and public health measures have been undertaken in order to control lead exposure, cases of lead poisoning are still reported. Exposure to lead produces various deleterious effects on the hematopoietic, renal, reproductive and central nervous system, mainly through increased oxidative stress. These alterations play a prominent role in disease manifestations. Modulation of cellular thiols for protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been used as a therapeutic strategy against lead poisoning. N-acetylcysteine, α-lipoic acid, vitamin E, quercetin and a few herbal extracts show prophylaxis against the majority of lead mediated injury in both in vitro and in vivo studies. This review provides a comprehensive account of recent updates describing health effects of lead exposure, relevant biomarkers and mechanisms involved in lead toxicity. It also updates the readers about recent advances in chelation therapy and newer therapeutic strategies, like nanoencapsulation, to treat lead induced toxic manifestations.