Risk factors associated with keel bone and foot pad disorders in laying hens housed in aviary systems
Risk factors associated with keel bone and foot pad disorders in laying hens housed in aviary systems
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DOI：
10.3382/ps/pev339
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Tuyttens, F. A. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heerkens, J. L. T.;Delezie, E.;Tuyttens, F. A. M.
蛋鸡的禽舍系统提供了空间和机会来进行自然行为。然而，母鸡的福利可能会受到损害，因为这些系统中龙骨和脚垫疾病的风险增加。这项横断面研究（N = 47个鸡群）旨在评估比利时鸟舍中蛋鸡龙骨和脚垫疾病的患病率，以确定这些疾病的风险因素及其与产蛋量的关系。有关鸡舍特征和产蛋量的信息是通过对鸡场的访谈、鸡场记录和鸡舍测量获得的。龙骨骨（伤口，血肿，骨折，偏差）和足垫疾病（皮炎，角化过度）进行了评估，随机选择50个60周龄蛋鸡每群。采用逐步选择的线性模型来研究危险因素、生产参数与龙骨和足垫疾病之间的关系。羊群的平均患病率为：血肿41.2%，伤口17.6%，骨折82.5%，偏差58.9%，角化过度42.0%，皮炎27.6%，和大脚板1.2%。确定的龙骨疾病的风险因素是鸟舍类型（行与门），层地板材料（金属丝网与塑料板条），走廊宽度，巢箱栖息，和混合。已确定的足垫疾病的危险因素是禽类类型（行与门），自由放养，和混合。在鸡群水平上，二等蛋率与龙骨偏差呈负相关（P = 0.029）。龙骨骨和脚垫疾病是惊人的高，在鸟类住房。各种风险因素的识别表明，改善禽舍系统可能会导致更好的福利蛋鸡。
Aviary systems for laying hens offer space and opportunities to perform natural behaviors. However, hen welfare can be impaired due to increased risk for keel bone and foot pad disorders in those systems. This cross-sectional study (N = 47 flocks) aimed to assess prevalences of keel bone and foot pad disorders in laying hens housed in aviaries in Belgium to identify risk factors for these disorders and their relation to egg production. Information on housing characteristics and egg production were obtained through questionnairebased interviews, farm records, and measurements in the henhouse. Keel bone (wounds, hematomas, fractures, deviations) and foot pad disorders (dermatitis, hyperkeratosis) were assessed in 50 randomly selected 60-week-old laying hens per flock. A linear model with stepwise selection procedure was used to investi-gate associations between risk factors, production parameters, and the keel bone and foot pad disorders. The flock mean prevalences were: hematomas 41.2%, wounds 17.6%, fractures 82.5%, deviations 58.9%, hyperkeratosis 42.0%, dermatitis 27.6%, and bumble foot 1.2%. Identified risk factors for keel bone disorders were aviary type (row vs. portal), tier flooring material (wire mesh vs. plastic slats), corridor width, nest box perch, and hybrid. Identified risk factors for foot pad disorders were aviary type (row vs. portal), free-range, and hybrid. Percentage of second-quality eggs was negatively associated with keel bone deviations (P = 0.029) at the flock level. Keel bone and foot pad disorders were alarmingly high in aviary housing. The identification of various risk factors suggests improvements to aviary systems may lead to better welfare of laying hens.