The Use of Microorganisms to Facilitate the Growth of Plants in Saline Soils
The Use of Microorganisms to Facilitate the Growth of Plants in Saline Soils
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-01979-1_1
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Glick, Bernard R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gamalero, Elisa;Berta, Graziella;Glick, Bernard R.
在世界范围内，盐是限制作物生长和生产力的最重要的非生物胁迫之一。高浓度盐引起的植物体内离子失衡和高渗胁迫常导致植物出现氧化胁迫条件。土壤盐碱化可能是由于自然原因造成的，在世界上炎热和干旱地区很常见，也可能是灌溉管理做法不当的结果。据估计，世界上约20%的耕地和多达一半的灌溉土地受到高盐度的影响。此外，目前，由于盐碱化而丧失的可耕地多于因砍伐森林而获得的可耕地。在本章中，植物有益微生物，特别是植物生长促进（PGP）细菌和真菌，以促进植物生长在盐的存在下的能力进行了审查和讨论。特别注意的是，正是这些微生物如何使植物在盐的抑制水平的存在下增殖的基本理解的发展。更好地了解这些机制可能会导致制定简单而实用的办法，在实地处理这一问题。
Worldwide, salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that limits crop growth and productivity. Ion imbalance and hyperosmotic stress in plants caused by high concentrations of salt often lead to oxidative stress conditions for plants. Soil salinization may be due to natural causes, and is common in the hot and dry regions of the world, or it may be a consequence of inadequate irrigation management practices. It has been estimated that around 20% of the world's cultivated lands and up to half of all irrigated lands are affected by high salinity. Moreover, at the present time, there is more arable land being lost through salinity than is gained through the clearing of forests. In this chapter, the ability of plant beneficial microorganisms, notably plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria and mycorrhizae, to facilitate plant growth in the presence of salt is reviewed and discussed. Particular attention is paid to the development of a fundamental understanding of precisely how these microorganisms enable plants to proliferate in the presence of otherwise inhibitory levels of salt. A better understanding of these mechanisms is likely to lead to the development of simple and practical approaches for dealing with this problem in the field.