Estimation of genetic distance and coefficient of gene diversity from single-probe multilocus DNA fingerprinting data.
Estimation of genetic distance and coefficient of gene diversity from single-probe multilocus DNA fingerprinting data.
复制标题
从单探针多位点 DNA 指纹数据估计遗传距离和基因多样性系数。
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040086
复制
发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Chakraborty,R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jin,L;Chakraborty,R
DNA指纹图谱显示个体的多位点基因型，通过使用单个多位点探针检测。因此，DNA指纹图谱的群体数据不能提供等位基因频率分布方面的遗传变异的完整表征，因为既不能直接观察到基因座的数量，也不能直接观察到等位基因的基因座从属关系。然而，DNA指纹图谱已被证明是一种具有成本效益的方法，检测高变多态性在几个生物体中，传统的基因座无法检测到足够的变化，微进化研究。在本文中，我们证明了DNA指纹数据的上述功能不会造成任何严重的问题，当它们被用于进化研究。Nei的标准和最小遗传距离的偏差校正估计的推导，并通过应用这一理论的数据在三个主要的人类群体中的7个短串联重复序列基因座，它表明，这些修改后的措施的遗传距离的基础上DNA指纹模式是相当接近Nei的距离的基础上位点特异性等位基因频率。从DNA指纹数据的遗传距离的充分性的经验和理论支持也进行了讨论，它表明，DNA指纹的技术局限性不应阻止使用的方法进行短期的进化研究。
DNA fingerprinting exhibits multilocus genotypes of individuals, detected by the use of a single multilocus probe. Consequently, population data on DNA fingerprinting do not provide a complete characterization of the genetic variation in terms of allele-frequency distributions, since neither the number of loci nor the locus affiliation of alleles is directly observable. Yet DNA fingerprinting has been proved to be a cost-effective method of detecting hypervariable polymorphisms in several organisms, where the traditional loci fail to detect enough variation for microevolutionary studies. In the present paper we demonstrate that the above-mentioned features of DNA fingerprinting data do not cause any serious problem when they are used in evolutionary studies. Bias-corrected estimators of Nei's standard and minimum genetic distances are derived, and, by an application of this theory to data on seven short tandem repeat loci in three major human populations, it is shown that these modified measures of genetic distances based on DNA fingerprint patterns are quite close to Nei's distances based on locus-specific allele frequencies. Empirical as well as theoretical support of the adequacy of such genetic distances from DNA fingerprinting data is also discussed, and it indicates that the technical limitations of DNA fingerprinting should not deter the use of the method for short-term evolutionary studies.