The Impact of Unilateral Carbon Taxes on Cross-Border Electricity Trading

The Impact of Unilateral Carbon Taxes on Cross-Border Electricity Trading
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单边碳税对跨境电力交易的影响

DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. C. Gissey
G. C. Gissey
中科院分区：
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文献类型：
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作者：
B. Guo;D. Newbery;G. C. Gissey

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市场耦合通过确保高价格市场的进口，直到价格相等或相互连接受到限制，从而有效地利用相互连接。在其中一个市场征收碳税可能会扭曲贸易，减少价格趋同。我们从计量经济学的角度研究了英国碳价格支持（CPS，一种额外的碳税）对英国与法国（通过IFA）和荷兰（通过BritNed）的跨境电力交易的影响。在2015-2018年期间，CPS将在没有通过增加进口进行补偿调整的情况下将GB日前价格平均提高约10欧元/MWh。与邻国的实际价格差异降至约8欧元/兆瓦时，允许更便宜的进口替代品。CPS使GB进口量增加了13 TWh/年，从而使碳税收入减少了1.03亿欧元/年。拥堵收入增加了1.33亿欧元/年，其中一半转移给了外国互联网所有者。单边CPS造成了2800万欧元/年的无谓损失。由CPS引起的GB价格上涨中，约有18%被转嫁到法国价格上涨中，29%被转嫁到荷兰价格上涨中。
Market coupling makes efficient use of interconnectors by ensuring higher-price markets import until prices are equated or interconnectors constrained. A carbon tax in one of the market can distort trade and reduce price convergence. We investigate econometrically the impact of the British Carbon Price Support (CPS, an extra carbon tax) on GBs cross-border electricity trading with France (through IFA) and the Netherlands (through BritNed). Over 2015-2018 the CPS would have raised the GB day-ahead price by an average of about €10/MWh in the absence of compensating adjustments through increased imports. The actual price differential with our neighbours fell to about €8/MWh allowing for replacement by cheaper imports. The CPS increased GB imports by 13 TWh/yr, thereby reducing carbon tax revenue by €103 million/yr. Congestion income increased by €133 m/yr, half transferred to foreign interconnector owners. The unilateral CPS created €28 m/yr deadweight loss. About 18% of the increase in the GB price caused by the CPS was passed through to higher French prices and 29% in higher Dutch prices.