Ice parties among young men who have sex with men in Thailand: Pleasures, secrecy and risks.
Ice parties among young men who have sex with men in Thailand: Pleasures, secrecy and risks.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.04.005
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发表时间：
2018-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Boonmongkon P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guadamuz TE;Boonmongkon P
在泰国城市，冰毒已成为男男性行为者（YMSM）的首选毒品。然而，关于这一现象的数据很少，部分原因是很难接触到愿意透露和公开讨论冰上练习的社会背景、意义和风险的男子。我们提出了一个民族志的冰党，批判性地讨论了冰的深入的社会意义;性的社会性和秘密周围的使用;老年人和年轻人之间的交易;和互联网和移动的技术的作用。在三年的时间里，进行了40次重复的叙事访谈（生活故事），10次焦点小组讨论，以及系统的在线和离线观察。有目的的抽样被用来招募研究参与者在各种在线和离线空间，并通过与当地的泰国社区为基础的组织服务的MSM密切合作。参与者必须在18至29岁之间，能够用泰语匡威，使用冰块，并在过去6个月内与另一名男子发生肛交。我们还努力实现样本在社会人口统计学特征方面的可变性（例如，年龄、教育程度和生活状况）。数据分析由两位研究人员使用基于扎根理论的常数比较方法在泰国进行。从表面上看，参加者将冰上派对描述为专属、时尚、奢华、有趣和愉快的一种现代帅哥之间的同志情谊。然而，在现实中，这种群体现象是一种社会等级制度，包含了几个重要的参与者，他们彼此之间、与冰本身以及与冰被消耗的物理空间都有关系。这些玩家包括冰块供应商、派对主持人、派对客人和“冰人”。该论文还讨论了围绕冰块派对的秘密的社会性，以及提供冰块的年长相对富有的男性和渴望这种化学物质的年轻男性之间的权力关系，指出了与冰块派对相关的风险，包括强奸，暴力和不安全的性行为。对于一些参与者来说，使用冰块是他们“日常生活”的一部分，甚至被认为是一种“成年仪式”。对另一些人来说，这涉及在被迫与某些人发生（无保护的）性行为或违背其意愿从事高风险活动时保持性沉默。冰派对上高风险的做法很常见，权力和代理很快就变得相互关联且可以协商。本文阐明了冰的秘密社会性，以便公共卫生工作能够更好地了解和接触可能面临艾滋病毒，性传播感染，暴力和其他健康问题的高风险的年轻人。例如，冰上派对可以被视为实施减少伤害战略的机会，在这种战略中，青年男子不因其所从事的活动而受到评判，而是受到尊重，并以一种符合具体情况的、非评判性的方式与之接触。最后，冰人和派对主持人可能是公共卫生从业者可以瞄准的个人，并包括在新的减少伤害计划的发展中。
Crystal methamphetamine (ice) has become the substance of choice among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in urban Thailand. Yet, there is scarce data on this phenomenon, partly due to the difficulty in accessing men who will disclose and openly discuss the social contexts, meanings and risks surrounding ice practice. We present an ethnography of ice parties, critically discussing the in-depth social meanings of ice; the sexual socialities and the secrecy surrounding its use; the transactions between older and younger men; and the role of the Internet and mobile technology. Forty repeated narrative interviews (life stories), ten focus group discussions, as well as systematic online and offline observations were conducted over a three-year period. Purposive sampling was used to recruit study participants in a variety of online and offline spaces and through working closely with local Thai community-based organizations serving MSM. To be eligible, participants had to be between 18 and 29 years, able to converse in Thai, had used ice, and had anal sex with another man in the past 6 months. We also strived for sample variability with respect to socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., age, educational attainment and living situation). Data analysis was conducted in Thai by two researchers using the constant comparative method based on grounded theory. On surface, participants described ice parties as exclusive, in trend, luxurious, fun and pleasurable—a kind of modern camaraderie among beautiful men. In reality, however, this group phenomenon was a social hierarchy containing several important players with relational power to one another, to the ice itself and to the physical space where ice was being consumed. These players included ice suppliers, party hosts, party guests and “icetenders.” The paper also discusses the sociality of secrecy that surrounds ice parties as well as the power relations between older relatively rich men who provide ice and the younger men who crave for the chemical, pointing to the risks associated with engagement at ice parties, including instances of rape, violence and unsafe sex. For some participants, ice use was part of their “everyday life,” or even believed to be a “rites of passage.” For others, it involved sexual silence in cases where they were forced to have (unprotected) sex with certain persons or engage in high-risk activities against their will. Ice parties, where high-risk practices were common, power and agency quickly became relational and negotiable. This paper illuminated the secret sociality of ice so that public health efforts will be better equipped with understanding and reaching out to young men who may be at heightened risk for HIV, STI, violence and other health concerns. Ice parties can, for example, be seen as opportunities for harm-reduction strategies whereby young men are not judged for the activities they engage, but are instead respected and approached in a contextualized, non-judgmental way. Finally, icetenders and party hosts may be individuals where public health practitioners can target and include in the development of novel harm-reduction programs.
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