Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance - United States, 2017.
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance - United States, 2017.
复制标题
DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.ss6708a1
复制
发表时间：
2018-06-15
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ethier KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kann L;McManus T;Harris WA;Shanklin SL;Flint KH;Queen B;Lowry R;Chyen D;Whittle L;Thornton J;Lim C;Bradford D;Yamakawa Y;Leon M;Brener N;Ethier KA
健康风险行为是美国青少年和成年人发病和死亡的主要原因。此外，按性别、种族/族裔和在校年级划分的青少年人口亚组之间，以及性少数群体和非性少数群体青少年之间存在显著的健康差异。国家、州和地方层面关于最重要的健康相关行为的基于人群的数据可用于帮助监测旨在保护和促进国家、州和地方层面青少年健康的公共卫生干预措施的有效性。
2016年9月 - 2017年12月
青少年风险行为监测系统（YRBSS）监测青少年和年轻成年人六类重点健康相关行为：1）导致意外伤害和暴力的行为；2）烟草使用；3）酒精和其他药物使用；4）与意外怀孕和性传播感染（包括人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染）相关的性行为；5）不健康的饮食行为；6）缺乏身体活动。此外，YRBSS还监测其他健康相关行为、肥胖和哮喘的患病率。YRBSS包括由美国疾控中心开展的全国性基于学校的青少年风险行为调查（YRBS），以及由州和地方教育及卫生机构开展的州和大型城市学区基于学校的YRBS。从2015年YRBSS周期开始，在全国YRBS问卷以及州和大型城市学区用作问卷起点的标准YRBS问卷中增加了一个确定性取向的问题和一个确定性接触对象性别的问题。本报告按性别、种族/族裔和在校年级以及性少数群体身份划分的人口亚组，总结了2017年全国YRBS中121种健康相关行为以及肥胖、超重和哮喘的结果；更新了全国性少数学生的数量；并描述了1991 - 2017年期间健康相关行为的总体趋势。本报告还按性别和性少数群体身份（如有）总结了2017年YRBSS周期中39个州和21个大型城市学区调查的加权数据结果。
2017年全国YRBS的结果表明，许多高中生从事与美国10 - 24岁人群主要死亡原因相关的健康风险行为。在调查前30天内，全国39.2%的高中生（在调查前30天内开车的62.8%的学生中）在开车时发短信或发电子邮件，29.8%报告当前饮酒，19.8%报告当前使用大麻。此外，14.0%的学生在其一生中曾有一次或多次在无医生处方的情况下服用处方止痛药，或服用方式与医生告知的不同。在调查前12个月内，19.0%的学生在学校内受到欺凌，7.4%的学生曾试图自杀。许多高中生从事与意外怀孕和性传播感染（包括HIV感染）相关的性风险行为。全国范围内，39.5%的学生曾有过性行为，9.7%的学生在其一生中曾与四人或更多人发生过性行为。在当前有性活动的学生中，53.8%报告在他们最近一次性行为中他们自己或其伴侣使用了避孕套。2017年全国YRBS的结果还表明，许多高中生从事与慢性疾病（如心血管疾病、癌症和糖尿病）相关的行为。全国范围内，8.8%的高中生吸过烟，13.2%的学生在调查前30天内至少有1天使用过电子雾化产品。43%的学生在一个普通上学日每天玩视频或电脑游戏或使用电脑3小时或更长时间用于非学校作业，15.4%的学生在调查前7天内至少有1天总共没有进行至少60分钟的身体活动。此外，14.8%的学生肥胖，15.6%的学生超重。大多数健康相关行为的患病率因性别、种族/族裔，特别是性取向和性接触对象的性别而异。具体而言，与非性少数学生相比，性少数学生中许多健康风险行为的患病率明显更高。然而，对长期时间趋势的分析表明，大多数健康风险行为的总体患病率朝着预期的方向发展。
大多数高中生成功地应对了从童年经青春期到成年的过渡，成为健康且有作为的成年人。然而，本报告表明，按性别、种族/族裔、在校年级，特别是性少数群体身份划分的一些学生亚组，许多健康风险行为的患病率较高，这可能使他们面临不必要或过早死亡、发病和社会问题（如学业失败、贫困和犯罪）的风险。
YRBSS数据被广泛用于比较学生亚群体中健康相关行为的患病率；评估健康相关行为随时间的趋势；监测实现21项国家健康目标的进展；提供可比的州和大型城市学区数据；以及采取公共卫生行动以减少健康风险行为并改善青少年的健康结果。使用这份报告以及其他基于科学合理数据的报告，对于提高决策者、公众以及众多与青少年合作的机构和组织对9 - 12年级学生（尤其是性少数学生）中健康相关行为患病率的认识非常重要。这些机构和组织，包括学校和对青少年友好的医疗服务提供者，可以帮助促进获取至关重要的教育、医疗保健以及高效、基于证据的干预措施。
Health-risk behaviors contribute to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among youth and adults in the United States. In addition, significant health disparities exist among demographic subgroups of youth defined by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade in school and between sexual minority and nonsexual minority youth. Population-based data on the most important health-related behaviors at the national, state, and local levels can be used to help monitor the effectiveness of public health interventions designed to protect and promote the health of youth at the national, state, and local levels. September 2016–December 2017. The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) monitors six categories of priority health-related behaviors among youth and young adults: 1) behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence; 2) tobacco use; 3) alcohol and other drug use; 4) sexual behaviors related to unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; 5) unhealthy dietary behaviors; and 6) physical inactivity. In addition, YRBSS monitors the prevalence of other health-related behaviors, obesity, and asthma. YRBSS includes a national school-based Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) conducted by CDC and state and large urban school district school-based YRBSs conducted by state and local education and health agencies. Starting with the 2015 YRBSS cycle, a question to ascertain sexual identity and a question to ascertain sex of sexual contacts were added to the national YRBS questionnaire and to the standard YRBS questionnaire used by the states and large urban school districts as a starting point for their questionnaires. This report summarizes results from the 2017 national YRBS for 121 health-related behaviors and for obesity, overweight, and asthma by demographic subgroups defined by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade in school and by sexual minority status; updates the numbers of sexual minority students nationwide; and describes overall trends in health-related behaviors during 1991–2017. This reports also summarizes results from 39 state and 21 large urban school district surveys with weighted data for the 2017 YRBSS cycle by sex and sexual minority status (where available). Results from the 2017 national YRBS indicated that many high school students are engaged in health-risk behaviors associated with the leading causes of death among persons aged 10–24 years in the United States. During the 30 days before the survey, 39.2% of high school students nationwide (among the 62.8% who drove a car or other vehicle during the 30 days before the survey) had texted or e-mailed while driving, 29.8% reported current alcohol use, and 19.8% reported current marijuana use. In addition, 14.0% of students had taken prescription pain medicine without a doctor’s prescription or differently than how a doctor told them to use it one or more times during their life. During the 12 months before the survey, 19.0% had been bullied on school property and 7.4% had attempted suicide. Many high school students are engaged in sexual risk behaviors that relate to unintended pregnancies and STIs, including HIV infection. Nationwide, 39.5% of students had ever had sexual intercourse and 9.7% had had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life. Among currently sexually active students, 53.8% reported that either they or their partner had used a condom during their last sexual intercourse. Results from the 2017 national YRBS also indicated many high school students are engaged in behaviors associated with chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. Nationwide, 8.8% of high school students had smoked cigarettes and 13.2% had used an electronic vapor product on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey. Forty-three percent played video or computer games or used a computer for 3 or more hours per day on an average school day for something that was not school work and 15.4% had not been physically active for a total of at least 60 minutes on at least 1 day during the 7 days before the survey. Further, 14.8% had obesity and 15.6% were overweight. The prevalence of most health-related behaviors varies by sex, race/ethnicity, and, particularly, sexual identity and sex of sexual contacts. Specifically, the prevalence of many health-risk behaviors is significantly higher among sexual minority students compared with nonsexual minority students. Nonetheless, analysis of long-term temporal trends indicates that the overall prevalence of most health-risk behaviors has moved in the desired direction. Most high school students cope with the transition from childhood through adolescence to adulthood successfully and become healthy and productive adults. However, this report documents that some subgroups of students defined by sex, race/ethnicity, grade in school, and especially sexual minority status have a higher prevalence of many health-risk behaviors that might place them at risk for unnecessary or premature mortality, morbidity, and social problems (e.g., academic failure, poverty, and crime). YRBSS data are used widely to compare the prevalence of health-related behaviors among subpopulations of students; assess trends in health-related behaviors over time; monitor progress toward achieving 21 national health objectives; provide comparable state and large urban school district data; and take public health actions to decrease health-risk behaviors and improve health outcomes among youth. Using this and other reports based on scientifically sound data is important for raising awareness about the prevalence of health-related behaviors among students in grades 9–12, especially sexual minority students, among decision makers, the public, and a wide variety of agencies and organizations that work with youth. These agencies and organizations, including schools and youth-friendly health care providers, can help facilitate access to critically important education, health care, and high-impact, evidence-based interventions.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5
作者：
Burton, Chad M.;Marshal, Michael P.;Chisolm, Deena J.
通讯作者：
Chisolm, Deena J.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Brener, ND;McManus, T;Wechsler, H
通讯作者：
Wechsler, H
影响因子：
24.9
作者：
Kann, Laura;Olsen, Emily O'Malley;Zaza, Stephanie
通讯作者：
Zaza, Stephanie
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Brener, ND;Kann, L;Ross, JG
通讯作者：
Ross, JG
影响因子：
2
作者：
Goodenow, C;Szalacha, L;Westheimer, K
通讯作者：
Westheimer, K