Wipe Sampling for Nicotine as a Marker of Thirdhand Tobacco Smoke Contamination on Surfaces in Homes, Cars, and Hotels
Wipe Sampling for Nicotine as a Marker of Thirdhand Tobacco Smoke Contamination on Surfaces in Homes, Cars, and Hotels
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntt014
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Hoh, Eunha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Quintana, Penelope J. E.;Matt, Georg E.;Hoh, Eunha
二手烟含有多种污染物的混合物，这些污染物可以在空气，灰尘和表面上持续数月或更长时间。这种持久的残留物被称为三手烟（THS）。在这里，我们详细介绍了一个简单的方法擦拭采样尼古丁作为一个标志物积累的THS的表面上。方法：我们分析了结果，从5个现实世界的研究，以调查的性能擦拭采样尼古丁的表面在家庭，汽车，酒店与吸烟行为和吸烟限制。结果：组内相关系数为并排样本为0.91（95% CI：0.87-0.94）。尼古丁擦拭采样可靠地区分私人住宅，私人汽车，租赁汽车，酒店和禁烟和不禁烟，并与烟草烟雾污染的其他措施，如空气和灰尘尼古丁显着正相关。评估了区分非吸烟和吸烟环境的可能阈值（0.1、1和10 μ g/m2）的灵敏度和特异性。敏感性最高的阈值为0.1 μ g/m2，74%-100%的吸烟者环境显示尼古丁水平高于阈值。在10 μ g/m2的阈值下特异性最高，81%-100%的非吸烟者环境显示尼古丁水平低于阈值。最佳阈值将取决于所需的平衡的灵敏度和特异性和吸烟和非吸烟environments.Conclusions的类型：尼古丁的表面擦拭采样是一个可靠的，有效的，相对简单的收集方法，以量化THS污染的表面在广泛的领域设置和区分非吸烟和吸烟环境。
Introduction: Secondhand smoke contains a mixture of pollutants that can persist in air, dust, and on surfaces for months or longer. This persistent residue is known as thirdhand smoke (THS). Here, we detail a simple method of wipe sampling for nicotine as a marker of accumulated THS on surfaces.Methods: We analyzed findings from 5 real-world studies to investigate the performance of wipe sampling for nicotine on surfaces in homes, cars, and hotels in relation to smoking behavior and smoking restrictions.Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient for side-by-side samples was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87-0.94). Wipe sampling for nicotine reliably distinguished between private homes, private cars, rental cars, and hotels with and without smoking bans and was significantly positively correlated with other measures of tobacco smoke contamination such as air and dust nicotine. The sensitivity and specificity of possible threshold values (0.1, 1, and 10 mu g/m(2)) were evaluated for distinguishing between nonsmoking and smoking environments. Sensitivity was highest at a threshold of 0.1 mu g/m(2), with 74%-100% of smoker environments showing nicotine levels above threshold. Specificity was highest at a threshold of 10 mu g/m(2), with 81%-100% of nonsmoker environments showing nicotine levels below threshold. The optimal threshold will depend on the desired balance of sensitivity and specificity and on the types of smoking and nonsmoking environments.Conclusions: Surface wipe sampling for nicotine is a reliable, valid, and relatively simple collection method to quantify THS contamination on surfaces across a wide range of field settings and to distinguish between nonsmoking and smoking environments.