Genetic and environmental influences on substance initiation, use, and problem use in adolescents
Genetic and environmental influences on substance initiation, use, and problem use in adolescents
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.60.12.1256
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stallings, MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rhee, SH;Hewitt, JK;Stallings, MC
工作背景：我们进行了同胞/双胞胎/收养研究的物质开始，使用和问题的使用，估计相对贡献的遗传和环境的影响，这些表型的青少年。参与者包括345对同卵双胞胎，337对异卵双胞胎，306对生物学上的兄弟姐妹，以及由丹佛和博尔德的科罗拉多反社会药物依赖遗传学和治疗中心评估的74对收养兄弟姐妹。对烟草、酒精、大麻和其他非法药物的开始、使用和问题使用进行了评估。四项相关性计算为每组，单变量模型拟合analysisweredcovered.Results：有中度到实质性的遗传影响，与酒精的使用和任何药物的使用除外，和适度到中度共享的环境影响物质的启动，使用，和问题使用。对于酒精和任何药物，遗传性较高，共享的环境影响的大小是较低的问题使用比开始或使用。只有双胞胎共享的环境影响对吸烟、饮酒和任何药物使用都有显著影响。对于烟草使用，烟草问题的使用，和大麻的启动，遗传性较高，共享的环境影响的程度是女性比男性青少年低。没有证据表明性别特异性的遗传或共享的环境影响任何variable.Conclusions：中度到大量的遗传性，发现在本研究中的青少年是成年物质使用和物质使用障碍的双胞胎研究中发现的。问题使用比启动和使用更容易遗传，这一发现也与成人双胞胎研究的结果一致。只有双胞胎对吸烟、饮酒和任何药物使用的环境影响的重要性表明了同龄人、物质可及性和兄弟姐妹互动的影响。
Background: We conducted a sibling/twin/adoption study of substance initiation, use, and problem use, estimating the relative contribution of genetic and environmental influences on these phenotypes in adolescents.Methods: The participants were 345 monozygotic twin pairs, 337 dizygotic twin pairs, 306 biological sibling pairs, and 74 adoptive sibling pairs assessed by the Colorado Center for the Genetics and Treatment of Antisocial Drug Dependence, Denver and Boulder. The initiation, use, and problem use of tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and other illicit drugs were assessed. Tetrachoric correlations were computed for each group, and univariate model-fitting analyses were conducted.Results: There were moderate to substantial genetic influences, with the exception of alcohol use and any drug use, and modest to moderate shared environmental influences on substance initiation, use, and problem use. For alcohol and any drug, heritability was higher and the magnitude of shared environmental influences was lower for problem use than for initiation or use. Environmental influences shared only by twin pairs had a significant effect on tobacco initiation, alcohol use, and any drug use. For tobacco use, tobacco problem use, and marijuana initiation, heritability was higher and the magnitude of shared environmental influences was lower in female than in male adolescents. There was no evidence for sex-specific genetic or shared environmental influences on any variable.Conclusions: The moderate to substantial heritabilities found for adolescents in the present study are comparable to those found in twin studies of adult substance use and substance use disorders. The finding that problem use is more heritable than initiation and use is also consistent with the results of adult twin studies. The significance of environmental influences shared only by twin pairs on tobacco initiation, alcohol use, and any drug use suggests the influences of peers, accessibility of substances, and sibling interaction.