Investigation and Characterization of Cell Aggregation During and After Inkjet-Based Bioprinting of Cell-Laden Bioink
Investigation and Characterization of Cell Aggregation During and After Inkjet-Based Bioprinting of Cell-Laden Bioink
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基于喷墨的充满细胞的生物墨水生物打印期间和之后细胞聚集的研究和表征
DOI：
10.1115/1.4054640
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Xu, Changxue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xu, Heqi;Martinez Salazar, Dulce Maria;Shahriar, Md;Xu, Changxue
最近，生物3D打印技术被广泛认为是一种有前途的制造功能组织和器官的工具。用于生物3D打印的生物墨水由生物材料和细胞组成。由于重力的主导作用，生物链接沉积物中悬浮的细胞导致细胞的堆积和聚集。本研究主要集中于细胞沉积诱导的细胞聚集在喷墨生物打印期间和之后的定量。主要结论如下：(1)随着打印时间从0 min增加到60 min，生物墨水库底部形成细胞聚集的细胞比例从3.6%显著增加到54.5%，表明生物3D打印面临着严峻的细胞聚集挑战；(2)在喷墨生物打印过程中，在打印时间仅为15 min的情况下，喷嘴内80%以上的细胞已经形成细胞聚集。(3)在生物打印过程中，随着打印时间从0 min增加到15 min，每个微球的平均细胞数从0.38个显著增加到1.05个。一个微球内包被的细胞数最多为10个，在打印时间为15 min时，包被细胞的微球中有29.8%含有大小细胞聚集体。
Recently, 3D bioprinting techniques have been broadly recognized as a promising tool to fabricate functional tissues and organs. The bioink used for 3D bioprinting consists of biological materials and cells. Because of the dominant gravitational force, the suspended cells in the bioink sediment resulting in the accumulation and aggregation of cells. This study primarily focuses on the quantification of cell sedimentation-induced cell aggregation during and after inkjet-based bioprinting. The major conclusions are summarized as follows: (1) as the printing time increases from 0 min to 60 min, the percentage of the cells forming cell aggregates at the bottom of the bioink reservoir increases significantly from 3.6% to 54.5%, indicating a severe cell aggregation challenge in 3D bioprinting, (2) during inkjet-based bioprinting, at the printing time of only 15 min, more than 80% of the cells within the nozzle have formed cell aggregates. Both the individual cells and cell aggregates tend to migrate to the vicinity of the nozzle centerline mainly due to the weak shear-thinning properties of the bioink, and (3) after the bioprinting process, the mean cell number per microsphere increases significantly from 0.38 to 1.05 as printing time increases from 0 min to 15 min. The maximum number of cells encapsulated within one microsphere is ten, and 29.8% of the microspheres with cells encapsulated have contained small or large cell aggregates at the printing time of 15 min.