Recovery of olfactory function following closed head injury or infections of the upper respiratory tract
Recovery of olfactory function following closed head injury or infections of the upper respiratory tract
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DOI：
10.1001/archotol.132.3.265
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hummel, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Reden, J;Mueller, A;Hummel, T
目的：探讨上呼吸道感染后嗅觉丧失患者的嗅觉功能转归设计：回顾性的以病人为基础的研究，地点：一所大学医院的Taste门诊，病人：共361名病人主要结果测量：嗅觉功能使用"Sniffin 'Sticks"测试组合进行评估，其导致阈值、辨别力和识别分数。第一次和最后一次visit.Results之间的平均间隔为14个月：在比较的整体阈值，歧视，识别分数之间的最后一次和第一次访问，嗅觉功能的改善，而在6%的患者下降。嗅觉障碍的原因对嗅觉功能恢复率有显著影响。在URTI后组（n = 262）中，32%的患者得到改善，但在创伤后组（n = 99）中，只有10%的患者得到改善。在URTI后嗅觉丧失的患者中，年龄与嗅觉功能恢复呈负相关。在一般情况下，因素"性别"没有显着影响恢复嗅觉functions.Conclusions：据我们所知，本文介绍的一系列患者是最大的文献中，迄今为止，标准化的测试方法被用来评估嗅觉受损的进展。结果表明，与外伤后嗅觉障碍患者相比，URTI后嗅觉障碍患者的嗅觉功能改善率明显更高。在大约1年的观察期内，超过30%的URTI后嗅觉丧失患者出现改善，而只有10%的创伤后嗅觉丧失患者出现改善。此外，年龄在嗅觉功能的恢复中起着重要作用。
Objective: To investigate the outcome of olfactory function in patients with olfactory loss following infections of the upper respiratory tract (post-URTI) or head trauma.Design: Retrospective patient-based study.Setting: Smell and Taste Outpatient Clinic at a university hospital.Patients: A total of 361 patients ( 228 women, 133 men) were included.Main Outcome Measures: Olfactory function was assessed using the "Sniffin' Sticks" test battery, which result in a threshold, discrimination, and identification score. The mean interval between first and last visit was 14 months.Results: In comparing the overall threshold, discrimination, and identification scores between the last and first visit, olfactory function improved in 26% of the patients whereas it decreased in 6%. The cause of olfactory impairment had a significant effect on the recovery rate of olfactory function. Within the post-URTI group (n = 262), 32% of the patients improved, but in the posttraumatic group (n = 99) only 10% improved. In patients with post-URTI olfactory loss, a negative correlation was found between age and recovery of olfactory function. In general, the factor "sex" had no significant effect on recovery of smell function.Conclusions: To our knowledge, the series of patients presented herein is the largest in the literature to date in which standardized testing methods were used to assess the progression of impaired olfaction. It showed that the rate of improvement of olfactory function was significantly higher in patients with post-URTI dysosmia compared with patients with posttraumatic dysosmia. During an observation period of approximately 1 year, more than 30% of patients with post-URTI olfactory loss experienced improvement, whereas only 10% of patients with posttraumatic olfactory loss experienced improvement. Furthermore, age plays a significant role in the recovery of olfactory function.