An institutional analysis of HIV prevention efforts by the nation's outpatient drug abuse treatment units
An institutional analysis of HIV prevention efforts by the nation's outpatient drug abuse treatment units
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DOI：
10.2307/2676372
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
McElroy, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D'Aunno, T;Vaughn, TE;McElroy, P
从制度理论的角度来看，在组织的创新，本文探讨了使用人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的预防措施的国家门诊药物滥用治疗单位在1988年至1995年的关键时期。从制度的角度来看，组织采用新的做法不仅是出于技术原因，而且还因为外部行为者积极促进或模仿特定做法的使用。我们研究了治疗单位在多大程度上使用几种做法，以防止HN感染的客户和吸毒者之间没有治疗。对全国调查数据进行随机效应回归分析的结果表明，从1988年到1995年，治疗单位大大增加了对艾滋病毒预防做法的使用。此外;结果显示，治疗单位使用预防措施与病人感染艾滋病毒的风险、可用于支持这些措施的单位资源以及对这些措施的组织支持有关。组织创新的机构观点，以及对艾滋病毒预防的研究的影响进行了讨论。
Drawing from an institutional-theory perspective on innovations in organizations, this paper examines the use of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention practices by the nations outpatient substance abuse treatment units during a critical period from 1988 to 1995. An institutional perspective argues that organizations adopt new practices not only for technical reasons, but also because external actors actively promote or model the use of particular practices. We examine the extent to which treatment units use several practices to prevent HN infection among their clients and among drug-users not in treatment. Results from random-effects regression analyses of national survey data show that treatment units significantly increased their use of HIV prevention practices from 1988 to 1995. Further; the results show that treatment units' use of prevention practices tvas related to clients' risk for HIV infection, unit resources available to support these practices, and organizational support for the practices. Implications are discussed for an institutional view of organizational innovation as well as for research on HIV prevention.