Review on fire effects on ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, an unachieved work for a scalding topic
Review on fire effects on ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, an unachieved work for a scalding topic
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火对外生菌根共生作用的综述，一个烫手话题的未竟之作
DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2017.02.043
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
C. Carcaillet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adrien Taudière;Adrien Taudière;F. Richard;C. Carcaillet
数百万公顷的外生菌根森林提供了北方的大部分木材资源。在这些森林中，那些容易发生火灾的森林集中了惊人的互惠土壤真菌多样性，这些真菌对幼苗建立，树木生长以及森林功能和动态至关重要。在这里，我们回顾了火灾对ECM共生在这些森林中使用系统的筛选文献的影响。我们发现，少量的实地研究（73）直接解决火灾对ECM共生的影响，在一个有限的地理区域，部分代表了ECM生物多样性股份和火灾风险的地理。分析的文献一致报告火灾后ECM真菌群落组成的长期变化。相比之下，火灾对真菌多样性和丰富度的影响在当地范围内继续在研究人员之间进行辩论，并需要进一步记录使用适当的实验设备，以限制一些确定的方法学偏见的影响。此外，我们的分析强调，迫切需要认真考虑规定焚烧的地下影响。这是一个重要的结论，因为这种广泛实施且有效的预防野火的管理工具可能会像不受控制的事件一样影响ECM土壤群落。我们的分析最后强调需要完善的概念后火灾ECM真菌，利用有前途的工具，如下一代测序和定量PCR应用于菌丝体和孢子，整合营养性状的真菌在综合定义。
Millions of hectares of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) forests provide most of the wood resource in the northern hemisphere. Among these forests, those that are fire-prone concentrate an astonishing diversity of mutualistic soil fungi that are pivotal for seedling establishment, tree growth and forest functioning and dynamics. Here, we review the effects of fire on ECM symbiosis in these forests using a systematic screening of the literature. We reveal that a low number of field studies (73) directly address fire effect on ECM symbiosis, in a restricted geographic area that partially represents the geography of ECM biodiversity stakes and fire risk. The analyzed literature consensually reports long-term shifts in the composition of ECM fungal communities after fire. Contrastingly, the effects of fire on fungal diversity and richness at the local scale continue to be debated among researchers, and need to be documented further using adequate experimental device to limit the effects of some identified methodological biases. Furthermore, our analysis emphasizes the urgent need to carefully consider the belowground effects of prescribed burning. This is an important conclusion because this widely implemented and efficient management tool to prevent wildfires may impact ECM soil communities in the same way as uncontrolled events. Our analysis finally highlights the need of refining the concept of post-fire ECM fungi, by taking advantage of promising tools, such as next-generation sequencing and quantitative PCR applied to mycelia and spores, to integrate the vegetative traits of fungi in integrative definitions.