THE ROLE OF THE CORTICOSPINAL TRACT IN THE EVOLUTION OF HUMAN DIGITAL DEXTERITY
THE ROLE OF THE CORTICOSPINAL TRACT IN THE EVOLUTION OF HUMAN DIGITAL DEXTERITY
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DOI：
10.1159/000121494
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发表时间：
1983-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
MASTERTON, RB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HEFFNER, RS;MASTERTON, RB
对21例皮质脊髓束S与手指灵巧度的关系进行了形态计量学分析。从理论上讲，S的血统与人类有关。结果表明，灵长类动物在大脑皮质控制数字灵巧性方面并不是哺乳动物中唯一的。一项比较分析表明，灵长类进化早期发生了两个变化：新皮质和支配手指的脊髓运动神经元之间的功能距离(即突触数量)减少，新皮质的直接影响延伸到脊髓颈段以外。从始新世中期到现在，灵长类进化过程中发生了进一步的变化，皮质脊髓束的整体尺寸稳步增加，似乎巩固了皮质对身体肌肉的影响，特别是脚趾的影响。
A morphometric analysis of the corticospinal tract''s relation to digital dexterity was performed on 21 spp. theoretically related to man''s ancestral lineage. The results indicate that the primate line is not unique among mammals with respect to the cortical control of digital dexterity. A comparative analysis suggests that 2 changes took place early in primate evolution: a reduction in functional distance (i.e., number of synapses) between neocortex and spinal motor neurons innervating the digits, and an extension of direct neocortical influence beyond the cervical segments of the spinal cord. A further change progressed throughout primate evolution, from the mid-Eocene to the present, in which the overall size of the corticospinal tract increased steadily as though consolidating the cortical influence over body musculature, especially that of the digits.