Molecular determinants for the layering and coarsening of biological condensates: Special Issue: Emerging Investigators
Molecular determinants for the layering and coarsening of biological condensates: Special Issue: Emerging Investigators
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生物凝聚物分层和粗化的分子决定因素：特刊：新兴研究者
作者：
Latham, Andrew P.;Zhang, Bin
许多无膜细胞器或生物凝聚物通过相分离形成，并在信号感应和转录调控中发挥关键作用。虽然这些凝聚物的功能重要性激发了许多研究来表征它们的稳定性和空间组织，但决定这些新兴特性的基本原理仍在探索中。在这篇综述中，我们研究了最近的工作，生物冷凝物，特别是多组分系统。我们专注于连接分子的因素，如结合能，化合价，和化学计量与界面张力，解释在许多冷凝物的非平凡的内部组织。我们进一步讨论了通过降低表面张力或引入动力学屏障来稳定多液滴状态的机制。
Many membraneless organelles, or biological condensates, form through phase separation, and play key roles in signal sensing and transcriptional regulation. While the functional importance of these condensates has inspired many studies to characterize their stability and spatial organization, the underlying principles that dictate these emergent properties are still being uncovered. In this review, we examine recent work on biological condensates, especially multicomponent systems. We focus on connecting molecular factors such as binding energy, valency, and stoichiometry with the interfacial tension, explaining the nontrivial interior organization in many condensates. We further discuss mechanisms that arrest condensate coalescence by lowering the surface tension or introducing kinetic barriers to stabilize the multidroplet state.