Relocating the “inmate”: Tracing the geographies of social reproduction in correctional supervision
Relocating the “inmate”: Tracing the geographies of social reproduction in correctional supervision
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重新安置“囚犯”：追踪惩教监管中的社会再生产地理
DOI：
10.1177/2399654419845911
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Vanessa A. Massaro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Vanessa A. Massaro
新自由主义治理刺激了美国监狱系统安全化和紧缩的矛盾动力。惩教和假释办公室通过转移护理地点来削减成本，依靠黑人妇女、她们的家人和社区的工作，为她们被监禁和假释的亲人提供各种服务。然而，尽管他们的劳动对于这一体系的再生产和发展至关重要，但这些新自由主义进程却系统性地抹杀了这一体系。这样做，他们允许通过家庭的私人空间进行新型无根据的国家监视。在本文中，我批判性地分析了宾夕法尼亚州惩教署实施的紧缩措施，该机构自 2012 年以来经历了广泛的改革。为此，我在女权主义政治和经济地理之间架起桥梁，通过对无偿再生产劳动、日常实践和情感的分析来审视国家进程。通过对被监禁者的亲人进行的为期三年的人种学研究，我展示了国家如何将监督成本外化到囚犯的支持网络上，以各种方式依靠家庭来照顾和监视囚犯。我表明，这种秘密策略使国家能够声称减少监狱人口，同时实际上保持对以前被监禁者的遏制。这些发现促使人们更多地关注国家对被监禁者支持网络的依赖，展示了女权主义地理视角在这个紧缩时代提供的重要见解。
Neoliberal governance spurs the contradictory drives of securitization and austerity in the US carceral system. Correctional and parole offices cut costs by relocating care, relying upon the work of Black women, their families, and communities to provide myriad services to their incarcerated and paroled loved ones. Yet while their labor is vital to the reproduction and growth of this system, these same neoliberal processes work systematically to erase it. In doing so, they allow new kinds of unwarranted state surveillance through the private space of the home. In this article, I critically analyze the austerity measures implemented by Pennsylvania’s Department of Corrections, an institution that has undergone extensive reforms since 2012. To do so, I bridge feminist political and economic geographies, examining state processes via an analysis of unpaid reproductive labor, everyday practices, and emotion. Through a three-year ethnographic study with the loved ones of incarcerated people, I show how the state externalizes the cost of supervision onto prisoners’ support networks, relying in varied ways on families for the care and surveillance of prisoners. I show that this covert strategy enables the state to claim reductions in prison populations while, in fact, maintaining containment of formerly incarcerated people. These findings urge increased attention to the state’s dependence on incarcerated people’s support networks, demonstrating the vital insights a feminist geographic perspective offers in this age of austerity.