Comparing criterion- and trait-based personality disorder diagnoses in DSM-5.
Comparing criterion- and trait-based personality disorder diagnoses in DSM-5.
复制标题
比较 DSM-5 中基于标准和基于特质的人格障碍诊断。
DOI：
10.1037/a0037633
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Simms,LeonardJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yam,WernHow;Simms,LeonardJ
在最近的精神障碍诊断和统计手册（DSM-5）中，官方人格障碍（PD）分类系统保持不变。然而，DSM-5在第三节中还包括一个替代的混合分类维PD系统，以刺激更多的研究。另一种系统的一个定义特征是将PD特异性特征配置的特征模型合并，但相对较少的工作评估了这些特征如何映射到官方PD诊断或其对诊断率的影响。为此，我们在当前或最近的精神病患者样本中将官方PD标准与第三节PD特征进行了比较。我们（a）评估PD特征预测传统PD标准计数的程度，（B）计算基于特征的诊断率，并将其与几个已发表的门诊和流行病学样本中报告的诊断率进行比较。总体而言，PD特征通常预测PD标准计数，但特异性不太理想。此外，我们确定了不同方法诊断率的差异。这些结果为第三节的方法提供了一些支持，但它们也确定了需要改进的重要领域和未来的研究，然后该领域才能合理地切换到第三节中的混合PD分类方法。
In the recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the official personality disorder (PD) classification system remains unchanged. However, DSM-5 also includes an alternative hybrid categorical-dimensional PD system in Section III to spur additional research. One defining feature of the alternative system is the incorporation of a trait model with PD-specific trait configurations, but relatively little work has evaluated how these traits map onto official PD diagnoses or their implications for diagnosis rates. To that end, we compared official PD criteria to Section III PD traits in a sample of current or recent psychiatric patients. We (a) evaluated the extent to which PD traits predicted traditional PD criterion counts, and (b) computed trait-based diagnosis rates and compared them to those reported in several published outpatient and epidemiological samples. Overall, PD traits generally predicted PD criterion counts, but with less than ideal specificity. In addition, we identified differences in diagnosis rates across approaches. These results provide some support for the Section III approach, but they also identify important areas in need of refinement and future study before the field could reasonably switch to a hybrid PD classification approach like that in Section III.