Deposition and decomposition of cattle dung and its impact on soil properties and plant growth in a cool-temperate pasture
Deposition and decomposition of cattle dung and its impact on soil properties and plant growth in a cool-temperate pasture
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DOI：
10.1007/s11284-014-1153-2
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发表时间：
2014-05
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
S. Yoshitake;H. Soutome;H. Koizumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Yoshitake;H. Soutome;H. Koizumi
畜禽粪便是牧草生态系统中碳和养分进入土壤的重要直接途径，并通过改变土壤和植物性状间接影响碳和氮的循环。在这里，我们量化粪便沉积，分解，粪便对土壤和植物的影响，在日本结缕草agrassland。测定了（1）粪的分布，（2）粪的质量损失率和以CO2形式呼吸的碳量，（3）土壤性质和地上生物量的变化。日本。粪便沉积量为4.0-9.7 g C和0.4-1.0 g N m− 2年− 1，呈斑块状分布（Morishita的I δ> 1）。6月沉积的牛粪中71%的碳在一个放牧期内通过好氧分解而损失，大于放牧草地的质量损失率。在第一年中，japonicalitter（约50%），这表明放牧和排便可以加速碳循环相比，典型的凋落物分解制度。粪块中的氮以铵态氮的形式进入土壤，并被硝化。这些过程的时空分布对应于受激Z。日本式生长这些结果表明，粪便沉降显著影响了土壤无机氮状况，从而影响了玉米的生长。日本。然而，这些影响是非常有限的时间（7 - 8月）和空间（10厘米内的粪便边缘）。因此，这种时空限制的影响加上粪便的斑块分布可能有助于牧草生态系统的异质结构。
Livestock dung provides an important direct pathway by which carbon and nutrients enter soils in pasture ecosystems and affects carbon and nitrogen cycling indirectly through changes in soil and plant properties. Here, we quantify dung deposition, decomposition, and the effects of dung on soil and plants in aZoysia japonicagrassland in Japan. We determined (1) the distribution of dung, (2) the mass loss rate of dung and the amount of carbon respired as CO2, and (3) changes in soil properties and aboveground biomass ofZ. japonica. Dung deposition was 4.0–9.7 g C and 0.4–1.0 g N m−2year−1and distributed patchily (Morishita’sIδ> 1). Most (71 %) of the carbon in dung deposited in June was lost within a single grazing period by aerobic decomposition, more than mass loss rate ofZ. japonicalitter in the first year (about 50 %), suggesting that grazing and defecation can accelerate carbon cycling compared with the typical litterfall–decomposition regime. Nitrogen in dung mass entered the soil as ammonium nitrogen and was nitrified. The spatiotemporal distribution of these processes corresponded to that of stimulatedZ. japonicagrowth. These results suggested that dung deposition significantly affected the inorganic nitrogen status of soil and, therefore, the growth ofZ. japonica. However, these effects were very restricted temporally (July–August) and spatially (within 10 cm from dung edge). Thus, such spatiotemporally restricted effects combined with the patchy distribution of dung may contribute to the heterogeneous structure of pasture ecosystems.