Revisiting the Role of the Medial Temporal Lobe in Motor Learning.
Revisiting the Role of the Medial Temporal Lobe in Motor Learning.
复制标题
重新审视内侧颞叶在运动学习中的作用。
DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_01809
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Taylor,JordanA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McDougle,SamuelD;Wilterson,SarahA;Turk-Browne,NicholasB;Taylor,JordanA
经典的记忆分类法将外显记忆系统和内隐记忆系统区分开来，将运动技能直接归入后一个分支。这一论断部分是由于基础发现表明遗忘症患者具有显著的运动学习能力。这些发现表明内侧颞叶（MTL）的陈述性记忆过程对运动学习没有贡献。在这里，我们重新审视这个问题，测试一个人（L。S. J.）在四项运动学习任务中，她的表现与年龄匹配的对照组进行了比较。与之前在健忘症患者中的发现一致，我们观察到L。S. J.可以改善运动表现，尽管有显着受损的陈述性记忆。然而，她往往表现不佳，相对于年龄匹配的控制，赤字显然与灵活的行动选择。进一步支持行动选择赤字，L。S. J.完全没有学会一项需要获得任意行动-结果关联的任务。因此，我们提出了一个适度的修订经典的分类模型：虽然MTL依赖的记忆过程是不必要的一些运动学习发生，他们发挥了重要的作用，在收购，实施和检索的行动选择策略。这些发现对我们理解运动学习的神经相关性、技能的心理机制和多记忆系统理论具有启示意义。
Classic taxonomies of memory distinguish explicit and implicit memory systems, placing motor skills squarely in the latter branch. This assertion is in part a consequence of foundational discoveries showing significant motor learning in amnesics. Those findings suggest that declarative memory processes in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) do not contribute to motor learning. Here, we revisit this issue, testing an individual (L. S. J.) with severe MTL damage on four motor learning tasks and comparing her performance to age-matched controls. Consistent with previous findings in amnesics, we observed that L. S. J. could improve motor performance despite having significantly impaired declarative memory. However, she tended to perform poorly relative to age-matched controls, with deficits apparently related to flexible action selection. Further supporting an action selection deficit, L. S. J. fully failed to learn a task that required the acquisition of arbitrary action–outcome associations. We thus propose a modest revision to the classic taxonomic model: Although MTL-dependent memory processes are not necessary for some motor learning to occur, they play a significant role in the acquisition, implementation, and retrieval of action selection strategies. These findings have implications for our understanding of the neural correlates of motor learning, the psychological mechanisms of skill, and the theory of multiple memory systems.