Accountability in the global response to HIV: measuring progress, driving change.
Accountability in the global response to HIV: measuring progress, driving change.
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DOI：
10.1097/01.aids.0000327442.66656.01
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发表时间：
2008-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Szekeres G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Collins C;Coates TJ;Szekeres G
问责制意味着机构和个人对其承诺和责任负责。问责制的概念在全球应对艾滋病毒/艾滋病方面具有高度相关性，因为政府、捐助者和其他行为者往往未能履行扩大供资和提供服务水平的承诺。许多政府没有对未能充分解决其人口的艾滋病毒相关需求负责。问责不仅仅是做出判断。有效的问责机制可以通过提供建设性评估和激励决策者避免负面的外部批评，成为改善服务提供的有力工具。在过去几年中，出现了各种令人印象深刻的与艾滋病毒有关的问责项目，其中最突出的是持续监测政府遵守联合国大会特别会议（UNGASS）承诺宣言的情况。其他问责努力对于了解政府和援助机构以外的观点和优先事项至关重要。许多基于民间社会的问责项目现在正在跟踪艾滋病毒政策、服务提供和资金水平。我们提出了几项建议，以增加问责工作的影响，包括将问责与持续的宣传联系起来，让多个行为者承担责任，不断评估哪些成功措施将最有力地推动改善结果，以及支持和建设民间社会监测工作的能力。我们还建议探讨如何将国际艾滋病大会作为一个扩大的问责平台。
Accountability implies that institutions and individuals are answerable for their commitments and responsibilities. The concept of accountability is highly relevant in the global response to HIV/AIDS because governments, donors and other actors have often failed to keep their commitments to expand funding and service delivery levels. Many governments have not been held accountable for failing to address the HIV-related needs of their populations adequately. Accountability is about more than passing judgement. Effective accountability mechanisms can be powerful tools to improve service delivery by providing constructive assessments and motivating decision makers to avoid negative external critiques. An impressive variety of HIV-related accountability projects have emerged over the past few years, the most prominent being the ongoing monitoring of government compliance with the United Nations General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS) Declaration of Commitment. Other accountability efforts are essential in order to capture perspectives and priorities outside of governments and aid agencies. Many civil society-based accountability projects are now tracking HIV policy, service delivery and funding levels. We make several suggestions to increase the impact of accountability efforts, including connecting accountability to sustained advocacy, holding multiple actors accountable, continually assessing what measures of success will be most powerful in driving improved outcomes, and supporting and building the capacity of civil society monitoring efforts. We also suggest exploring how the International AIDS Conferences could serve as an expanded platform for accountability.