Three-Dimensional Time-Lapse Analysis Reveals Multiscale Relationships in Maize Root Systems with Contrasting Architectures
Three-Dimensional Time-Lapse Analysis Reveals Multiscale Relationships in Maize Root Systems with Contrasting Architectures
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DOI：
10.1105/tpc.19.00015
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Topp, Christopher N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang, Ni;Floro, Eric;Topp, Christopher N.
了解生物体的表型特征如何受到遗传和环境变异的影响是生物学的核心目标。根系是植物最重要但人们知之甚少的方面之一，这主要是由于它们带来的三维 (3D)、动态和多尺度表型挑战。我们知识中的一个关键差距是根系如何复杂地从单个主根建立到数千个根的网络，这些根共同竞争短暂的、异质的土壤资源。我们使用延时 3D 成像和数学模型来评估两种玉米 (Zea mays) 近交基因型及其杂种的根系结构 (RSA)，因为它们的复杂性从几个根发展到多个根。基因驱动的单根根分枝区大小和侧分枝密度的差异，加上峰值生长速率的差异以及碳资源对新根与现有根的相对分配，随着时间的推移，表现为明显不同的全球 RSA。成熟的田间生长的根冠的 3D 成像表明，幼苗结构中的一些遗传差异可能在整个发育过程和跨环境中持续存在。这种方法将个体和系统范围内的根生长动态联系起来，最终可用于预测复杂 RSA 及其功能的遗传变异。
Understanding how an organism's phenotypic traits are conditioned by genetic and environmental variation is a central goal of biology. Root systems are one of the most important but poorly understood aspects of plants, largely due to the three-dimensional (3D), dynamic, and multiscale phenotyping challenge they pose. A critical gap in our knowledge is how root systems build in complexity from a single primary root to a network of thousands of roots that collectively compete for ephemeral, heterogeneous soil resources. We used time-lapse 3D imaging and mathematical modeling to assess root system architectures (RSAs) of two maize (Zea mays) inbred genotypes and their hybrid as they grew in complexity from a few to many roots. Genetically driven differences in root branching zone size and lateral branching densities along a single root, combined with differences in peak growth rate and the relative allocation of carbon resources to new versus existing roots, manifest as sharply distinct global RSAs over time. The 3D imaging of mature field-grown root crowns showed that several genetic differences in seedling architectures could persist throughout development and across environments. This approach connects individual and system-wide scales of root growth dynamics, which could eventually be used to predict genetic variation for complex RSAs and their functions.