Vitamin D status modulates the immune response to Epstein Barr virus: Synergistic effect of risk factors in multiple sclerosis
Vitamin D status modulates the immune response to Epstein Barr virus: Synergistic effect of risk factors in multiple sclerosis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mehy.2007.04.030
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Holmoy, Trygve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Holmoy, Trygve
MS风险与疾病前的两种维生素D状态相关，并且Epstein巴尔病毒（EBV）感染似乎是MS的先决条件。EBV可以通过几种机制激活自身反应性T细胞，但尚不清楚为什么这会导致MS。只有一小部分感染EBV的人发展MS，而自身反应性T细胞存在于正常T细胞库中。遗传因素不能单独解释这个谜，因为在大多数情况下，MS的遗传易感性相当弱。维生素D受体在EBV感染的B细胞、抗原呈递细胞和活化的淋巴细胞上表达，并且生物活性维生素D代谢物二羟基维生素D-3抑制抗体产生和T细胞增殖，并使T细胞偏向于不太有害的Th 2表型。EBV感染的B细胞构成对免疫系统的持续挑战，在维生素D状态相对较低的季节性时期也是如此。我认为维生素D调节对EBV的免疫反应，如果维生素D状态不佳，则自身反应性T细胞的有害激活更有可能导致MS。(C)2007爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
MS risk is associated with tow vitamin D status prior to disease, and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection seems to be a prerequisite for MS. EBV could activate autoreactive T cells by several mechanisms, but it is not clear why this leads to MS. Only a small proportion of those infected with EBV develops MS, whereas autoreactive T cells are present in the normal T cell repertoire. Genetic factors cannot explain this enigma alone, because the genetic predisposition to MS in most cases is quite weak. Vitamin D receptors are expressed on EBV infected B cells, antigen presenting cells and activated lymphocytes, and the bioactive vitamin D metabolite dihydroxyvitamin D-3 suppresses antibody production and T cell proliferation and skews T cells towards a less detrimental Th2 phenotype. EBV infected B cells constitute a constant challenge to the immune system, also during seasonal periods of relative low vitamin D status. I propose that vitamin D modulates the immune response to EBV, and that detrimental activation of autoreactive T cells leading to MS is more likely if the vitamin D status is suboptimal. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.