The Organic Elements of the Enamel
The Organic Elements of the Enamel
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牙釉质的有机元素
DOI：
10.1177/00220345490280060501
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发表时间：
1949
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Sognnaes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Sognnaes
在釉质地面切片研究的基础上，早期的研究人员一致认为，Retzius(1837)的增量线或条纹是由于钙化程度不佳、较差或较低所致(Lehner和Plenk，1936)。对于推测的钙化缺陷是否涉及釉质棒和棒间物质，或者仅限于釉棒、其外围、横纹或棒间物质，结论不同。Noyes，Schour和Noyes(1948)指出：“雷祖斯条纹代表牙釉质中钙化程度较低的部分，因为它是由相对较少钙化的釉质棒成分组成的。”如果这是正确的，人们可能会认为，整个釉质的完全脱钙应该倾向于平衡或消除这种差异，这种差异被认为存在于钙化程度高(“正常”)和低(“差”)的区域之间。这似乎正是Frisbie、Nuckolls和Saunders(1944)所经历的，他们在研究了牙釉质的脱钙部分后，报告说“当钙盐完全去除时，从未观察到递增和条纹。”后一种结论，如果得到证实，似乎将把Bodecker(1911)的插图归类为一件文物，在过去，它似乎是上述概括的唯一显著例外。Bodecker的原始出版物中没有提到Retzius线条，但最近在Orban(1944)的教科书中转载时，该插图被建议表明，在酸性火棉胶脱钙后，在牙釉质的有机骨架中恢复了一条模拟Retzius条纹的线条。尽管用这种方法软化一小块牙釉质需要很长的时间(1到6个月)，但人们可能会质疑这种粘性和相对低解离的混合物在完全去除钙盐方面的效果。然而，在釉质组织学领域，有许多来源的人工制品可能是这种性质的差异的罪魁祸首。利用一些不同的技术，其原理已在其他地方详细讨论(Sognnees，1948)，已进行了观察，认为表明Retzius条纹及其突出的形式，如新生儿线，实际上应归因于釉质有机框架的图案，更具体地说，如果不完全是由于釉质棱柱周围有机鞘的形态。
EiiN THE basis of studies of ground sections of the enamel, earlier workers seeto have concurred in the belief that the incremental lines or striae of Retzius (1837) are due to a faulty, poor, or low degree of calcification (Lehner and Plenk, 1936). Conclusions differ as to whether the presumably deficient calcification involves the enamel rods, as well as the inter-rod substance, or is limited to the rods, their periphery, cross striations, or inter-rod substance. Noyes, Schour, and Noyes (1948) stated that "A striae of Retzius represents a poorly calcified portion of the enamel, because it is made up of the relatively less calcified components of an enamel rod." If this were correct one might perhaps expect that a complete decalcification of the whole enamel should tend to equalize or eliminate this difference which is believed to exist between regions of a high ("normal") and a low ("poor") degree of calcification. This is precisely what appears to have been experienced by Frisbie, Nuckolls, and Saunders (1944) who, after having studied decalcified sections of enamel, reported that "incremental and striation lines have never been observed when the calcium salts are totally removed. " The latter conclusion, if confirmed, would seem to relegate to an artifact an illustration by Bodecker (1911) which in the past appears to be the only significant exception to the above generalization. No reference to Retzius lines was made in Bodecker's original publication, but when recently reproduced in the textbook of Orban (1944) the said illustration was suggested to show that a line, simulating the striae of Retzius, had been recovered in the organic framework of enamel after decalcification in acid celloidin. One may perhaps question the efficacy of such a viscous and comparatively low-dissociating mixture in completely removing calcium salts, in spite of the long period of time (1 to 6 months) expended for the softening of a small piece of enamel by that method. Nevertheless, there are in the field of enamel histology many sources of artifacts which may be to blame for discrepancies of this nature. Taking advantage of somewhat different technics, the principles of which have been discussed in detail elsewhere (Sognnaes, 1948), observations have been made which are believed to indicate that the striae of Retzius, as well as their accentuated forms, such as the neonatal lines, actually owe their appearances to the pattern of the organic framework of the enamel and more specifically, if not entirely, to the morphology of the organic sheaths surrounding the enamel prisms.