The presence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in adolescents three months after an 8.0 magnitude earthquake in southwest China
The presence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in adolescents three months after an 8.0 magnitude earthquake in southwest China
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03825.x
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Wu, Dongmei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhang, Weiqing;Jiang, Xiaolian;Wu, Dongmei
目的和目的。本研究的目的是描述汶川5.12地震后3个月青少年幸存者的创伤后应激障碍症状，并探讨其影响或预防因素。青少年由于其特殊的成长阶段，更容易受到自然灾害的影响。创伤后应激障碍症状是青少年灾难后常见的反应，其发生与一些心理社会因素有关。本研究在大样本中采用横断面设计。共有1976名年龄在12-20岁的受试者在地震后三个月用创伤后应激障碍检查表平民版进行了评估。同时对受试者进行内向性、有权势的他人和机会量表以及应对方式量表的测评。创伤后应激障碍量表中文版的平均总分为33(SD 11 15，范围17~85)。初次接触地震程度较高的男孩的症状得分低于初次接触水平较低的女孩。机会控制源和权力其他控制源是创伤后应激障碍症状的重要危险因素，退避技能、内在控制源、初中年级和社会支持是保护因素。创伤后应激障碍症状是地震后青少年普遍的精神反应。除人口统计学因素、暴露特征和社会支持因素外，心理控制源和应对策略对精神分裂症的发生和严重程度也有重要影响，与临床实践相关。这项研究表明，青少年是遭受灾难性事件心理应激反应的弱势群体。医护人员，特别是学校护士，应该更多地关注创伤后的青少年。应采取及时有效的干预措施，以减轻最初暴露的影响，减少创伤后应激障碍症状的发生。
Aims and objectives. The aims of the study were to describe the post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in adolescent survivors three months after Wenchuan 5.12 Earthquake and to explore its contributing or preventing factors.Background. Adolescents are more vulnerable to be affected by natural disasters because of their special growth stage. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms are common responses in adolescents after disasters, and its occurrence is related to some psychosocial factors.Design. The study used a cross-sectional design in a large sample.Methods. A total of 1976 subjects aged 12-20 were evaluated at three months after the earthquake by using the Post-traumatic stress disorder Checklist-Civilian Version. The Internality, Powerful others and Chance scale and the Coping Styles Scale were also administered to the subjects at the same time.Results. The mean total score of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Chinese Version was 33 64 (SD 11 15; range of score 17-85). The boys with a higher level of initial exposure to the earthquake had lower symptoms scores than girls with a lower level of initial exposure. Chance locus of control and power other locus of control were the powerful risk factors of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, while the protective factors included withdrawing skill, internality locus of control, junior high grade and social supports.Conclusions. Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms are prevalent psychiatric reactions in adolescents after earthquakes. Locus of control and coping strategy could play an important role in its occurrence and severity besides demographic factors, exposure characteristics and social support factors.Relevance to clinical practice. This study reveals that adolescents are the vulnerable group for suffering psychological stress responses to catastrophic events. Healthcare professionals, especially school nurses, should pay more attention to adolescents after trauma. Prompt and effective intervention should be carried out to mitigate the impact of initial exposure and reduce the occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms.