PM 2.5 Semivolatile Organic Material at Riverside, California: Implications for the PM 2.5 Federal Reference Method Sampler
PM 2.5 Semivolatile Organic Material at Riverside, California: Implications for the PM 2.5 Federal Reference Method Sampler
复制标题
加利福尼亚州河滨市的 PM 2.5 半挥发性有机物质：对 PM 2.5 联邦参考方法采样器的影响
DOI：
10.1080/027868202753504443
复制
发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
D. Eatough
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Pang;N. L. Eatough;D. Eatough
颗粒状的半挥发性有机化合物可能在样品收集和储存过程中从过滤器上的颗粒中丢失，导致负伪影。气相有机化合物可以吸附在石英过滤器上，引起正伪影。一种采样器（颗粒浓缩器-杨百翰大学有机采样系统：PC-BOSS）已经开发出来，它使用旋风和虚拟冲击器（颗粒浓缩器）入口来提供0.1-2.5 w m颗粒的浓缩流。浓缩器之后是BOSS扩散剥蚀器，以去除干扰的气相化合物和过滤包，以收集颗粒，包括采样期间从颗粒中丢失的任何半挥发性物质。采样器可用于细颗粒硝酸盐和半挥发性有机物质的测定，没有明显的“正”或“负”采样伪影。该采样器已在加州河滨市进行了评估，颗粒浓缩器的收集效率稳定，对颗粒硫酸盐和烟灰的收集效率分别为65% - 2%和61% - 1%。PC-BOSS测定含半挥发性成分的PM 2.5有机物质的结果与BOSS的结果一致，但与过滤包的结果不一致。PC-BOSS法测定有机颗粒物的精度为- 8%。在所有使用的采样器的采样过程中，平均有50%的颗粒有机物质从颗粒中丢失。由于半挥发性有机物质和硝酸盐的损失，PM 2.5联邦参考方法采样器对PM 2.5的测定平均不足34%，被测量值从可忽略到27 w g/ m3不等，平均8.9 w g/ m3。
Particulate semivolatile organic compounds can be lost from particles on a filter during sample collection and storage, resulting in a negative artifact. Gas-phase organic compounds can adsorb on a quartz filter to cause a positive artifact. A sampler (Particle Concentrator-Brigham Young University Organic Sampling System: PC-BOSS) has been developed that uses a cyclone and virtual impactor (particle concentrator) inlet to provide a concentrated stream of 0.1-2.5 w m particles. The concentrator is followed by a BOSS diffusion denuder to remove interfering gas-phase compounds and filter packs to collect particles, including any semivolatile species lost from the particles during sampling. The sampler can be used for the determination of both fine particulate nitrate and semivolatile organic material without significant "positive" or "negative" sampling artifacts. The sampler has been evaluated at Riverside, CA. The collection efficiency of the particle concentrator was stable, being 65% - 2% and 61% - 1% for particulate sulfate and soot, respectively. Results obtained with the PC-BOSS for the determination of PM 2.5 organic material including semivolatile components agreed with results from a BOSS, but not with filter pack results. The precision of the PC-BOSS results for particulate organic material was - 8%. An average of 50% of the particulate organic material was lost from the particles during sampling for all samplers used. As a result of the loss of semivolatile organic material and nitrate, the PM 2.5 Federal Reference Method sampler underdetermined PM 2.5 by an average of 34% with the under measurement varying from negligible to 27 w g/m 3 , averaging 8.9 w g/m 3 .