Long non-coding RNAs as an epigenetic regulator in human cancers.
Long non-coding RNAs as an epigenetic regulator in human cancers.
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DOI：
10.1111/cas.13342
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发表时间：
2017-10
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Katsushima K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kondo Y;Shinjo K;Katsushima K
最近的研究描述了长非编码RNA(LncRNAs)在致癌转化过程中的多种重要作用。由于编码基因组只占总DNA的一小部分，而许多导致癌症的突变发生在非编码基因组中，因此这种非编码转录的失调可能也会影响肿瘤的表型。事实上，到目前为止，已有报道称，lncRNAs通过调节mRNA稳定性、RNA剪接、染色质结构以及作为miRNA海绵的miRNA介导的基因调控，影响多种生物学过程。此外，越来越多的研究已经描述了lncRNAs在肿瘤发生中的作用；然而，许多lncRNAs的确切机制仍在研究中。在这里，我们讨论最近报道的关于lncRNAs如何通过与其他调控分子相互作用来调节基因表达和促进肿瘤发生的机械性见解。我们特别强调了牛磺酸上调基因1的作用，该基因最近被报道具有与基因调控相关的生物学功能，并讨论了lncRNAs在癌症治疗中的未来临床意义。
Recent studies have described the important multiple roles of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) during oncogenic transformation. Because the coding genome accounts for a small amount of total DNA, and many mutations leading to cancer occur in the non‐coding genome, it is plausible that the dysregulation of such non‐coding transcribes might also affect tumor phenotypes. Indeed, to date, lncRNAs have been reported to affect diverse biological processes through the regulation of mRNA stability, RNA splicing, chromatin structure, and miRNA‐mediated gene regulation by acting as miRNA sponges. Furthermore, accumulating studies have described the roles of lncRNAs in tumorigenesis; however, the precise mechanisms of many lncRNAs are still under investigation. Here, we discuss recently reported mechanistic insights into how lncRNAs regulate gene expression and contribute to tumorigenesis through interactions with other regulatory molecules. We especially highlight the role of taurine upregulated gene 1, which was recently reported to have biological functions related to gene regulation, and discuss the future clinical implications of lncRNAs in cancer treatments.
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