Analysis of Acoustic Signal Propagation for Reliable Digital Communication along Exposed and Buried Water Pipes
Analysis of Acoustic Signal Propagation for Reliable Digital Communication along Exposed and Buried Water Pipes
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DOI：
10.3390/app13074611
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发表时间：
2023-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Omotayo Farai;N. Metje;C. Anthony;D. Chapman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Omotayo Farai;N. Metje;C. Anthony;D. Chapman
无线传感器网络（WSN）由于其低成本（最多几十英镑）、低供电能力（约1瓦/小时）和小尺寸（厘米级）要求，已成为地埋管道监测的强大且具有成本效益的解决方案。然而，无线传感器网络部署的主要挑战之一是无线传感器节点之间的地下数据通信范围有限，小于3米，这随后增加了公用事业所有者用于地下管道监测的部署成本。克服这一限制的一个有希望的替代方案是使用低频（< 1khz）声信号沿着管道传播。本文研究了利用低频声信号沿暴露和埋藏的中密度聚乙烯（MDPE）管道传播的可行性，并预测了可以实现可靠数据通信的潜在距离。除了实验室和现场实验外，还使用分析和数值模型对声衰减进行了量化。预测的声波数据通信距离在暴露MDPE管道约18米和埋地MDPE管道约11米之间。这些结果证明了利用低频声信号传播实现可靠的地下无线通信的可行性。
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have emerged as a robust and cost-effective solution for buried pipeline monitoring due to the low cost (a maximum of a few tens of UK pounds (GBP)), low power supply capacity (in the order of 1 watt/hour) and small size (centimetre scale) requirements of the wireless sensor nodes. One of the main challenges for WSN deployment, however, is the limited range of underground data communication between the wireless sensor nodes of less than 3 m, which subsequently increases deployment costs for a utility owner for buried pipeline monitoring. A promising alternative to overcome this limitation is using low-frequency (<1 kHz) acoustic signal propagation along the pipe. This paper examines the feasibility of using low-frequency acoustic signal propagation along exposed and buried medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) pipes and makes predictions of the potential distances at which reliable data communication can be achieved. Quantification of the acoustic attenuation was performed using both analytical and numerical models in addition to laboratory and field experiments. The predicted acoustic data communication distance ranged between approximately 18 m for an exposed and approximately 11 m for a buried MDPE pipe. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using low-frequency acoustic signal propagation for achieving reliable wireless underground communication.