The Discontinuous Functioning of the Human Operator in Pursuit Tasks 1
The Discontinuous Functioning of the Human Operator in Pursuit Tasks 1
复制标题
人类操作员在追踪任务 1 中的不连续功能
DOI：
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发表时间：
1948
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. E. Hick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. E. Hick
进行了两个关于间隔学习和群体学习的实验。第一个实验分为五组，每组16人，在五种不同的练习分布形式下，在一种与普通星图描画纸略有不同的仪器上学习镜子画图。在第二个实验中，40名受试者分别学习了四组无意义音节。在20个连续试验中学习了一个列表，在10个连续试验中学习了一个列表，在10个连续试验中学习了一个列表，在7个间隔60秒的试验中学习了一个列表，在5个间隔120秒的试验中学习了一个列表。在第二个实验中，所有的学习都在十分钟内完成。两个实验的结果都表明：(1)在相同的练习量下，间隔学习比大量学习更有效；(2)在相同的时间内，大量的练习，即更多的练习，可以达到更高的效率水平。认为时间和练习具有双重作用，二者之间的关系是决定学习效率的主要因素。
V SUMMARY Two experiments on spaced and massed learning have been performed. Five groups of 16 subjects each participated in the first experiment and learned mirror drawing on an apparatus slightly different from the ordinary star-pattern tracing sheet under five different forms of distribution of practice. I n the second experiment, 40 subjects learned four lists of II nonsense syllables each. One list was learned in 20 continuous trials, one list in ten trials with go-second intervals between successive trials, one in seven trials wlth 60-second intervals and one in five trials with 120-second intervals. All learnings in the second experiment took place in ten minutes. The results of both experiments showed: (I) that, with equal amount of practice, the spaced learning was more efficient than the massed, and ( 2 ) that, within equal duration of time, the massed practice, i.e. more practice, could reach the higher level of efficiency. The view is suggested that both time and practice have dual functions by the relationship of which the learning efficiency was mainly determined.