Relating Watershed Characteristics to Elevated Stream Escherichia coli Levels in Agriculturally Dominated Landscapes: An Iowa Case Study
Relating Watershed Characteristics to Elevated Stream Escherichia coli Levels in Agriculturally Dominated Landscapes: An Iowa Case Study
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DOI：
10.3390/w9030154
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Soupir, Michelle L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brendel, Conrad;Soupir, Michelle L.
粪便指示细菌（FIB），如大肠杆菌（E.大肠杆菌）是美国地表水损害的主要原因。然而，在农业为主的流域，不同的流域特征对微生物水质的相对影响尚不清楚。空间和统计分析被用来研究流域特征和FIB之间的关系，并建立了多元回归模型。几何平均值E.在爱荷华州获得了395个环境水质监测点的大肠杆菌浓度数据。为30个随机选择的监测地点划定了流域，流域面积从93万公顷到110万公顷不等。研究的流域特征包括面积、动物单位（开放式饲养场和围栏）的存在、接受粪肥施用的流域面积的百分比、点源排放的存在和土地覆盖。分析结果表明，动物饲养活动和农业，湿地和木本植被土地覆盖的存在是最有影响力的流域特征，对E。大肠杆菌浓度。E.大肠杆菌浓度和农业，而显着负相关的动物饲养业务和湿地和木本植被。建立流域特征与E.大肠杆菌，以确定主要的流域特点，有助于病原体水损害和优先补救工作。
Fecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB) such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) are a leading cause of surface water impairments in the United States. However, the relative impacts of different watershed characteristics on microbial water quality in agriculturally dominated watersheds are unclear. Spatial and statistical analyses were utilized to examine relationships between watershed characteristics and FIB and a multiple regression model was created. Geometric mean E. coli concentration data were obtained for 395 ambient water quality monitoring locations in Iowa. Watersheds were delineated for thirty randomly selected monitoring locations and drainage areas ranged from 93 to 1.1 million hectares. Watershed characteristics examined include area, presence of animal units (open feed lots and confinements), percent of watershed area receiving manure application, presence of point-source discharges, and land cover. The results from the analyses reveal that the presence of animal feeding operations and agriculture, wetland, and woody vegetation land covers are the most influential watershed characteristics regarding E. coli concentration. A significant positive correlation was identified between E. coli concentration and agriculture while significant negative correlations were identified with animal feeding operations and wetland and woody vegetation. Establishing relationships between watershed characteristics and presence of E. coli is needed to identify dominant watershed characteristics contributing to pathogen water impairments and to prioritize remediation efforts.