Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Electrodes
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Electrodes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-95948-1_10
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Khadka;A. Woods;M. Bikson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Khadka;A. Woods;M. Bikson
电极作为经颅直流电刺激器和人体之间的接口。电极是将电流从电刺激器输送到大脑的方法。如果准备不好，它们可以显着降低大脑刺激的程度。电极的大小、数量和相对位置控制大脑中电流的分布，无论刺激是局灶性的还是广泛的，以及组织内刺激强度的水平。因此，需要仔细考虑如何在经颅直流电刺激中制备和应用电极。本章将讨论电极组件的典型结构、常用电极的差异、高清晰度电极与传统电极以及经颅直流电刺激常用的接触介质。本章还将描述电极组件在头部的一致准备和放置方法。本章将特别考虑避免电极过饱和的方法，避免头皮烧伤的安全考虑，以及避免电极准备和放置中常见错误的方法，这些错误会破坏经颅直流电刺激的有效性和一致性。
Electrodes serve as the interface between transcranial direct current stimulators and the human body. Electrodes are the method for delivering current from an electrical stimulator to the brain. If prepared poorly, they can significantly reduce the degree of brain stimulation delivered. The size, number, and relative location of electrodes control the distribution of current in the brain, whether stimulation is focal or broad, and levels of stimulation intensity within the tissue. Thus, careful consideration is required for how electrodes are prepared and applied in transcranial direct current stimulation. This chapter will discuss the typical construction of the electrode assembly, differences in commonly available electrodes, high definition versus conventional electrodes, and contact mediums commonly used for transcranial direct current stimulation. This chapter will also describe approaches for consistent preparation and placement of the electrode assembly on the head. This chapter will give special considerations to methods for avoiding oversaturation of electrodes, safety considerations for avoiding burns on the scalp, and methods for avoiding common mistakes in preparation and placement of electrodes that undermine the valid and consistent application of transcranial direct current stimulation.