Sea-ice production and air/ice/ocean/biogeochemistry interactions in the Ross Sea during the PIPERS 2017 autumn field campaign
Sea-ice production and air/ice/ocean/biogeochemistry interactions in the Ross Sea during the PIPERS 2017 autumn field campaign
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/aog.2020.31
复制
发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Parno, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ackley, S. F.;Stammerjohn, S.;Parno, J.
罗斯海以全球观测到的海冰增长幅度最大而闻名，尤其是在1979年至2015年期间。然而，罗斯海海冰厚度和生成量的相应变化尚不明确，这些变化如何影响水体、碳通量、生物地球化学过程以及微量营养物质的可利用性也不清楚。“罗斯海物理 - 冰 - 浮游生物 - 生态系统研究”（PIPERS）项目试图在2017年秋季的一次乘船考察以及2016年和2017年春季的两次航空考察中解答这些问题。PIPERS项目采用了有人和自主平台相结合的多学科方法，研究秋季期间大气/海冰/海洋/生物地球化学的耦合相互作用，并将其与春季的情况联系起来。出乎意料的是，罗斯海在2016年春季和2017年秋季遭遇了创纪录的低海冰情况。2017年海冰推进延迟导致了以下情况：（1）沿海冰间湖的海冰生成量和输出量增加；（2）中心浮冰区的积雪和海冰覆盖变薄；（3）海冰叶绿素a含量降低，冰上生物群落出现差异；（4）持续的海洋热通量延缓了海冰增厚；（5）海冰融化，异常偏南的冰缘一直持续到冬季。尽管有这些影响，但2017年春季的航空观测表明，大陆架上冬季的海冰生成量可能并无异常。
The Ross Sea is known for showing the greatest sea-ice increase, as observed globally, particularly from 1979 to 2015. However, corresponding changes in sea-ice thickness and production in the Ross Sea are not known, nor how these changes have impacted water masses, carbon fluxes, biogeochemical processes and availability of micronutrients. The PIPERS project sought to address these questions during an autumn ship campaign in 2017 and two spring airborne campaigns in 2016 and 2017. PIPERS used a multidisciplinary approach of manned and autonomous platforms to study the coupled air/ice/ocean/biogeochemical interactions during autumn and related those to spring conditions. Unexpectedly, the Ross Sea experienced record low sea ice in spring 2016 and autumn 2017. The delayed ice advance in 2017 contributed to (1) increased ice production and export in coastal polynyas, (2) thinner snow and ice cover in the central pack, (3) lower sea-ice Chl-a burdens and differences in sympagic communities, (4) sustained ocean heat flux delaying ice thickening and (5) a melting, anomalously southward ice edge persisting into winter. Despite these impacts, airborne observations in spring 2017 suggest that winter ice production over the continental shelf was likely not anomalous.