Do new bike share stations increase member use: A quasi-experimental study
Do new bike share stations increase member use: A quasi-experimental study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tra.2019.01.004
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Lindsey, Greg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Jueyu;Lindsey, Greg
随着世界各地自行车共享计划的数量不断增加，对自行车计划和运营的研究也在激增。大多数自行车共享需求的实证研究包括对站点使用的分析，而少数研究调查了成员行为。此外，这项研究的一个局限性是，大多数研究设计是横向的，因此无法建立因果关系。为了解决这一限制，我们采用了一种准实验的差异建模方法，使用了明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯-圣保罗市2010年至2015年成员自行车共享旅行的六年面板数据集。本研究设计利用自行车共享网络随着时间的推移而发生的变化，建立治疗组和对照组，并测试可达性变化对个人成员使用自行车共享频率的影响的意义。交通便利程度的改善是以由于新车站的安置或旧车站的搬迁而缩短与车站的距离来衡量的。我们发现距离对使用频率有显着的负面影响，并且在自行车共享服务密集的地区，增加自行车共享可达性的影响更大。具体而言，获得改善的成员（即，距离减少）的成员比访问保持不变的成员更有可能增加使用频率。此外，通过开发不同的模型，我们发现距离的影响是异质的，并随着不同的建筑环境而变化。居住在人口密度较高和零售土地使用比例较高的地区的成员倾向于增加他们的自行车共享使用。我们的研究结果表明，在物理可访问性的改善可能不会导致实际上有意义的变化，在所有情况下的使用频率，并意味着可能需要多方面的策略，以增加使用。
As the number of bike share programs across the world has grown, studies of bike programs and operations have proliferated. Most empirical studies of bike share demand have included analyses of station use while a limited number of studies have investigated member behavior. Moreover, a limitation of this research is that the most research designs have been cross-sectional and therefore unable to establish causality. To address this limitation, we employ a quasi-experimental, difference-in-difference modeling approach using a six-year panel data set of members' bike share trips from 2010 to 2015 in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota. This research design takes advantage of changes in the bike share network over time to establish treatment and control groups and test the significance of effects of changes in accessibility on the frequency of individual member's use of bike share. Improvements in accessibility are measured as a reduction in distance to stations resulting from placement of new stations or relocation of old stations. We find a significant negative impact of distance on the frequency of use and that the effects of increasing bike share accessibility are larger in areas with denser bike share services. Specifically, members for whom access improved (i.e., distance decreased) were significantly more likely to increase the frequency of use than members for whom access remained the same. Moreover, by developing different models, we show the effects of distance are heterogeneous and vary with different built environment contexts. Members who live in areas with higher population density and a higher percentage of retail land use tended to increase their bike share use more. Our results indicate that improvements in physical accessibility may not result in practically meaningful changes in the frequency of use in all cases and imply that multi-faceted strategies for increasing use may be needed.