The impact of task-irrelevant emotional stimuli on attention in three domains.
The impact of task-irrelevant emotional stimuli on attention in three domains.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0024369
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发表时间：
2011-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
L. O'Toole;Jennifer M. DeCicco;Melanie Hong;Tracy A. Dennis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. O'Toole;Jennifer M. DeCicco;Melanie Hong;Tracy A. Dennis
与任务无关的情绪刺激是否促进或破坏注意力表现可能取决于一系列因素，如情绪类型，任务难度和刺激持续时间。然而，很少有研究系统地研究这些因素对注意力表现的影响。63名成年人，在情绪和焦虑症状的标准范围内得分，完成了一个简单或困难版本的注意力任务，测量注意力表现的三个方面：警觉，定向和执行注意力。结果表明，在简单的任务，威胁与非威胁任务无关的情绪面孔促进定向，无论刺激持续时间。在困难的条件下，这些影响不再显著。当容易和困难的条件一起检查时，持续时间的影响出现了，这样的刺激持续时间较长，导致更大的干扰，虽然效果是非线性的。研究结果表明，威胁相关的情感刺激促进注意力在任务低认知负荷，但强调考虑一系列的任务参数的重要性。结果进行了讨论的背景下，适应性和适应不良的情绪-注意力的相互作用。
Whether task-irrelevant emotional stimuli facilitate or disrupt attention performance may depend on a range of factors, such as emotion type, task difficulty, and stimulus duration. Few studies, however, have systematically examined the influence of these factors on attention performance. Sixty-three adults, scoring within a normative range for mood and anxiety symptoms, completed either an easy or difficult version of an attention task measuring three aspects of attention performance: alerting, orienting, and executive attention. Results showed that in the easy task only, threatening versus nonthreatening task-irrelevant emotional faces facilitated orienting regardless of stimulus duration. These effects were no longer significant during the difficult condition. When the easy and difficult conditions were examined together, duration effects emerged such that stimuli of longer durations lead to greater interference, although effects were nonlinear. Findings illustrate that threat-relevant emotional stimuli facilitate attention during tasks with low cognitive load, but underscore the importance of considering a range of task parameters. Results are discussed in the context of adaptive and maladaptive emotion-attention interactions.