Analysis of nuclear copies of mitochondrial sequences in honeybee (Apis mellifera) genome
Analysis of nuclear copies of mitochondrial sequences in honeybee (Apis mellifera) genome
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msm068
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Behura, Susanta K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Behura, Susanta K.
至少0.08%的意大利蜜蜂核基因组含有源自线粒体的序列。这些线粒体序列的核拷贝（numts）分散在蜜蜂的染色体上，并起源于线粒体DNA（mtDNA）的多个独立插入，如系统发育分析所示。除了原始插入，numts的适度重复也有助于目前的模式和分布的线粒体序列，在蜜蜂染色体。线粒体基因在核基因组中的同化是由原始插入片段的广泛片段化介导的。复制滑动似乎是一个主要的机制，小序列插入或删除的mtDNA注定要到核。大部分（84%）的蜜蜂numts位于非基因区。大多数（94%）的numts位于预测的核基因起源于线粒体基因编码的细胞色素氧化酶和NADH脱氢酶亚基。另一方面，线粒体rRNA或tRNA基因序列主要（88%）位于基因组的非基因区域。证据也支持纯化选择作用于特定基因的numts。对欧洲、非洲和非洲化蜜蜂numt的比较分析表明，A.意大利的物种形成可能不以物种形成的时间框架来划分，而是一个连续的动态过程。
At least 0.08% of the Apis mellifera nuclear genome contains sequences that originated from mitochondria. These nuclear copies of mitochondrial sequences (numts) are scattered all over the honeybee chromosomes and have originated by multiple independent insertions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as evident by phylogenetic analysis. Apart from original insertions, moderate duplications of numts also contributed to the present pattern and distribution of mitochondrial sequences, in honeybee chromosomes. Assimilation of mitochondrial genes in the nuclear genome is mediated by extensive fragmentations of the original inserts. Replication slippage seems to be a major mechanism by which small sequences are inserted or deleted from mtDNA destined to nucleus. Most or the honeybee numts (84%) are located in the nongenic regions. The majority (94%) of the numts that are located in predicted nuclear genes have originated from mitochondrial genes coding for cytochrome oxidase and NADH dehydrogenase subunits. On the other hand, the mitochondrial rRNA or tRNA gene sequences are predominantly (88%) located in nongenic regions of the genome. Evidences also support for exertion of purifying selection on numts located in specific genes. Comparative analysis of numts of European, African, and Africanized honeybees suggests that numt evolution in A. mellifera is probably not demarked by speciation time frame but may be a continuous and dynamic process.