LOCAL ADAPTATION IN THE LINUM MARGINALE—MELAMPSORA LINI HOST‐PATHOGEN INTERACTION
LOCAL ADAPTATION IN THE LINUM MARGINALE—MELAMPSORA LINI HOST‐PATHOGEN INTERACTION
复制标题
线边缘的局部适应——MELAMPSORA LNI宿主-病原体相互作用
DOI：
10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01448.x
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
J. Bever
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Thrall;J. Burdon;J. Bever
摘要病原体及其宿主之间的局部适应潜力产生了强烈的理论和经验兴趣，支持和反对局部适应的证据报告了一系列系统。我们使用亚麻边缘-亚麻栅锈菌植物病原体系统和层次空间结构来研究以流行动态和病原体种群频繁灭绝为特征的集合种群内的局部适应模式。基于大样本量和全面的交叉接种试验，我们的分析表明，Melampsora对其宿主种群具有很强的局部适应性，这种影响在区域尺度上最大，正如从更广泛的空间尺度预测的那样，M. lini相对于L.边缘。然而，没有一致的趋势，更远的病原体种群表现更差。我们的研究结果进一步表明，如何主机和病原体之间的共同进化的相互作用，可以通过本地结构的影响，如抗性主机选择一般毒力病原体，而易感主机选择更无毒的病原体。从经验上讲，局部适应通常以两种截然不同的方式进行测试：（1）病原体在同域与异域宿主上的表现;（2）同域与异域病原体在给定宿主种群上的表现。在没有宿主种群比其他种群更耐药或更敏感的情况下，当在病原体种群之间取平均值时（同样，没有病原体种群比其他种群更具毒性或无毒力），这些测试的结果通常应该一致。我们认为，这是不太可能的情况下，在自然宿主-病原体相互作用占主导地位的集合种群的情况下，因此需要测试，同时控制植物和病原体种群的变化。
Abstract The potential for local adaptation between pathogens and their hosts has generated strong theoretical and empirical interest with evidence both for and against local adaptation reported for a range of systems. We use the Linum marginale—Melampsora lini plant‐pathogen system and a hierarchical spatial structure to investigate patterns of local adaptation within a metapopulation characterised by epidemic dynamics and frequent extinction of pathogen populations. Based on large sample sizes and comprehensive cross‐inoculation trials, our analyses demonstrate strong local adaptation by Melampsora to its host populations, with this effect being greatest at regional scales, as predicted from the broader spatial scales at which M. lini disperses relative to L. marginale. However, there was no consistent trend for more distant pathogen populations to perform more poorly. Our results further show how the coevolutionary interaction between hosts and pathogens can be influenced by local structure such that resistant hosts select for generally virulent pathogens, while susceptible hosts select for more avirulent pathogens. Empirically, local adaptation has generally been tested in two contrasting ways: (1) pathogen performance on sympatric versus allopatric hosts; and (2) sympatric versus allopatric pathogens on a given host population. In situations where no host population is more resistant or susceptible than others when averaged across pathogen populations (and likewise, no pathogen population is more virulent or avirulent than others), results from these tests should generally be congruent. We argue that this is unlikely to be the case in the metapopulation situations that predominate in natural host‐pathogen interactions, thus requiring tests that control simultaneously for variation in plant and pathogen populations.