Moral judgment in realistic traffic scenarios: moving beyond the trolley paradigm for ethics of autonomous vehicles
Moral judgment in realistic traffic scenarios: moving beyond the trolley paradigm for ethics of autonomous vehicles
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DOI：
10.1007/s00146-023-01813-y
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发表时间：
2023-11-29
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Dubljevic，Veljko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cecchini，Dario;Brantley，Sean;Dubljevic，Veljko
即将部署的自动驾驶汽车需要能够在相关交通情况下做出道德决策的算法。一些研究自动驾驶汽车伦理的学者希望将这种智能系统与人类的道德判断结合起来。为此，“道德机器实验”（Moral Machine Experiment）等研究收集了人类在类似有轨电车的交通困境中做出决策的数据。本文首先认为，无轨电车困境是研究交通道德判断的一个不充分的实验范式，因为它不包括行为人基于性格的考虑，并且无法促进对低风险世俗交通场景的调查。鉴于手推车范式的局限性，本文提出了一个解决这些问题的替代实验框架。提出的解决方案结合了使用虚拟现实创建世俗交通道德场景和作为道德心理框架的道德判断的代理-行为-后果（ADC）模型。这种范式转变提供了更多的现实主义，并将性格因素纳入交通行为，从而潜在地增加了未来研究的生态有效性。
The imminent deployment of autonomous vehicles requires algorithms capable of making moral decisions in relevant traffic situations. Some scholars in the ethics of autonomous vehicles hope to align such intelligent systems with human moral judgment. For this purpose, studies like the Moral Machine Experiment have collected data about human decision-making in trolley-like traffic dilemmas. This paper first argues that the trolley dilemma is an inadequate experimental paradigm for investigating traffic moral judgments because it does not include agents’ character-based considerations and is incapable of facilitating the investigation of low-stakes mundane traffic scenarios. In light of the limitations of the trolley paradigm, this paper presents an alternative experimental framework that addresses these issues. The proposed solution combines the creation of mundane traffic moral scenarios using virtual reality and the Agent-Deed-Consequences (ADC) model of moral judgment as a moral-psychological framework. This paradigm shift potentially increases the ecological validity of future studies by providing more realism and incorporating character considerations into traffic actions.