White and gray matter development in human fetal, newborn and pediatric brains
White and gray matter development in human fetal, newborn and pediatric brains
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.06.009
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发表时间：
2006-10-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Mori, Susumu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Hao;Zhang, Jiangyang;Mori, Susumu
大脑解剖学的特点是从中期妊娠末期到新生儿阶段都有显著的生长。到目前为止，脑白质束轴突正常生长的特征还没有很好的文献记载，这可能为理解脑瘫(CP)患者脑白质损伤的广泛不均一性提供重要线索。然而，对这一时期人脑发育的解剖学研究令人惊讶地稀少，基于组织学的地图集直到最近才出现。弥散张量磁共振成像(DTMRI)可以显示脑白质的详细解剖结构。我们获得了死后胎儿脑组织和活体新生儿和儿童的弥散张量图像(DTI)。神经结构在二维(2D)切片上进行注释，进行分割、测量和三维重建(3D)。在19~20周的横断面上评价不同白质束的生长情况，并与0个月龄新生儿和5~6岁儿童进行比较。边缘、连合、联合和投射的白质束和灰质结构被显示在3D中，并被定量描述以评估其动态变化。不同脑白质发育的时间进程的总体模式是：边缘纤维首先发育，联合纤维最后形成，连合纤维和投射纤维从大脑的前部到后部形成。所得到的基于DTNIRI的3D人脑数据将为人脑发育研究提供有价值的资源，并将为早产儿的诊断提供参考标准。(C)2006 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Brain anatomy is characterized by dramatic growth from the end of the second trimester through the neonatal stage. The characterization of normal axonal growth of the white matter tracts has not been well-documented to date and could provide important clues to understanding the extensive inhomogeneity of white matter injuries in cerebral palsy (CP) patients. However, anatomical studies of human brain development during this period are surprisingly scarce and histology-based atlases have become available only recently. Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTMRI) can reveal detailed anatomy of white matter. We acquired diffusion tensor images (DTI) of postmortem fetal brain samples and in vivo neonates and children. Neural structures were annotated in two-dimensional (2D) slices, segmented, measured, and reconstructed three-dimensionally (3D). The growth status of various white matter tracts was evaluated on cross-sections at 19-20 gestational weeks, and compared with 0-month-old neonates and 5- to 6-year-old children. Limbic, commissural, association, and projection white matter tracts and gray matter structures were illustrated in 3D and quantitatively characterized to assess their dynamic changes. The overall pattern of the time courses for the development of different white matter is that limbic fibers develop first and association fibers last and commissural and projection fibers are forming from anterior to posterior part of the brain. The resultant DTNIRI-based 3D human brain data will be a valuable resource for human brain developmental study and will provide reference standards for diagnostic radiology of premature newborns. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.