Ambient-temperature liquid jet targets for high-repetition-rate HED discovery science
Ambient-temperature liquid jet targets for high-repetition-rate HED discovery science
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DOI：
10.1063/5.0097857
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发表时间：
2022-12
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
F. Treffert;G. Glenn;Hsuan-Gu Chou;C. Crissman;C. Curry;D. DePonte;F. Fiuza;N. Hartley;B. Ofori-Okai;M. Roth;S. Glenzer;M. Gauthier
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文献类型：
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作者：
F. Treffert;G. Glenn;Hsuan-Gu Chou;C. Crissman;C. Curry;D. DePonte;F. Fiuza;N. Hartley;B. Ofori-Okai;M. Roth;S. Glenzer;M. Gauthier
高能激光可以在高能量密度（HED）状态下产生高能粒子束和天体物理相关的压力和温度状态。最近投入使用的高重复率（HRR）激光驱动器能够以超过1hz的速率产生这些条件。然而，这些系统的实验输出常常受到设计与这些重复率相匹配的目标的困难的限制。为了克服这一挑战，我们开发了钨微流体喷嘴，它可以产生持续的补充射流，以大约10米/秒的速度运行，并可以维持高达1 kHz的射击频率。由这些喷嘴产生的常温平面液体射流的厚度可以从数百纳米到数十微米不等。在这项工作中，我们说明了微流体喷嘴的工作原理，并描述了其在真空环境中的实现。我们提供了使用该靶成功的激光驱动离子加速的证据，并讨论了通过原位射流厚度扫描优化离子加速性能的前景。射流在HED科学中的未来应用包括激波压缩和强加热非平衡等离子体的研究。当与HRR兼容的激光、诊断和主动反馈技术配合使用时，该目标将促进HRR HED科学的先进自动化研究，包括基于机器学习的优化和高维统计分析。
High-power lasers can generate energetic particle beams and astrophysically relevant pressure and temperature states in the high-energy-density (HED) regime. Recently-commissioned high-repetition-rate (HRR) laser drivers are capable of producing these conditions at rates exceeding 1 Hz. However, experimental output from these systems is often limited by the difficulty of designing targets that match these repetition rates. To overcome this challenge, we have developed tungsten microfluidic nozzles, which produce a continuously replenishing jet that operates at flow speeds of approximately 10 m/s and can sustain shot frequencies up to 1 kHz. The ambient-temperature planar liquid jets produced by these nozzles can have thicknesses ranging from hundreds of nanometers to tens of micrometers. In this work, we illustrate the operational principle of the microfluidic nozzle and describe its implementation in a vacuum environment. We provide evidence of successful laser-driven ion acceleration using this target and discuss the prospect of optimizing the ion acceleration performance through an in situ jet thickness scan. Future applications for the jet throughout HED science include shock compression and studies of strongly heated nonequilibrium plasmas. When fielded in concert with HRR-compatible laser, diagnostic, and active feedback technology, this target will facilitate advanced automated studies in HRR HED science, including machine learning-based optimization and high-dimensional statistical analysis.