Dynamic Search and Working Memory in Social Recall
Dynamic Search and Working Memory in Social Recall
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DOI：
10.1037/a0025161
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Pachur, Thorsten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hills, Thomas T.;Pachur, Thorsten
在社会记忆中进行搜索的潜在机制是什么(例如，记住你认识的人)？搜索机制是否涉及类似于语义搜索的从局部到全局的动态转换，这些转换是否受一般注意力控制，与工作记忆广度有关？为了找出答案，我们要求参与者从他们的个人社交网络中回忆个人，并测量每个参与者的工作记忆能力。此外，参与者提供了关于被召回个人的社会类别和联系频率的信息，以及关于被召回个人之间的社会接近程度的信息。在这些数据的基础上，我们测试了记忆搜索的各种计算模型，以了解它们解释参与者从社会记忆中回忆的模式的能力。尽管回忆模式显示了基于社交类别的集群，但假设社交邻近性提示的表征与频率信息之间的动态转换的模型对参与者的回忆模式预测最好--社交类别信息没有获得额外的解释能力。此外，个体之间转换时间的差异与工作记忆容量的差异呈正相关。这些结果突出了社会接近在构建社会记忆中的作用，并阐明了工作记忆在该结构内的搜索过程中维持搜索标准的作用。
What are the mechanisms underlying search in social memory (e.g., remembering the people one knows)? Do the search mechanisms involve dynamic local-to-global transitions similar to semantic search, and are these transitions governed by the general control of attention, associated with working memory span? To find out, we asked participants to recall individuals from their personal social networks and measured each participant's working memory capacity. Additionally, participants provided social-category and contact-frequency information about the recalled individuals as well as information about the social proximity among the recalled individuals. On the basis of these data, we tested various computational models of memory search regarding their ability to account for the patterns in which participants recalled from social memory. Although recall patterns showed clustering based on social categories, models assuming dynamic transitions between representations cued by social proximity and frequency information predicted participants' recall patterns best-no additional explanatory power was gained from social-category information. Moreover, individual differences in the time between transitions were positively correlated with differences in working memory capacity. These results highlight the role of social proximity in structuring social memory and elucidate the role of working memory for maintaining search criteria during search within that structure.